مجله علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

مجله علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

Nutritional Evaluation of Five Indigenous Complementary Food Formulations commonly used in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
Gregory Oko 1
Chibuzor Okonkwo 2
Sunday Okonkwo 3
Oluomachi Chukwu 4
Margaret-Mary Adigwu 5
Vincent Ibe 5
1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115 Calabar Nigeria.
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Calabar, Nigeria
3 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Calabar, Teaching Hospital Calabar, Nigeria
4 Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia State.
5 Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Calabar, Nigeria
10.48311/fsct.2026.118591.83014
چکیده
Malnutrition among infants and young children remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria. This study investigated the proximate, mineral and vitamin composition of five indigenous complementary food formulations commonly consumed in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Five different formulations, composed of locally sourced ingredients were purchased from local markets and processed using standard methods. The various formulations were then analysed for proximate, vitamin and mineral contents. Each formulation offered a unique blend of nutrients, with all the formulations showing appreciable amounts of both fat- and water-soluble vitamins. Formular A stood out from the others, containing the highest concentration of the B-complex vitamins and mineral elements relative to the other formulations, meeting the dietary refence intake for most nutrients. While formulars D and E contained higher vitamin A concentration than the others. Iron and zinc were highest in samples E and C respectively. All formulations contained nutritionally relevant concentrations of essential minerals. Most blends met the recommended daily allowance, while a few may need fortification with some vitamins and/or minerals. The study highlights the options available to fortify these complementary food formulations for better nourishment of infants and young children in Calabar, Nigeria, and beyond. The findings confirm that indigenous food resources, when scientifically optimized, can serve as effective, affordable, and culturally acceptable alternatives to commercial infant formulas. The study further underscores the potential of locally formulated complementary foods to address micronutrient deficiencies, promote dietary diversity, and strengthen food security in low-income communities.
کلیدواژه‌ها
assessment
infant nutrition
processing
traditional formulations
weaning

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Nutritional Evaluation of Five Indigenous Complementary Food Formulations commonly used in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

نویسندگان English

Gregory Oko 1
Chibuzor Okonkwo 2
Sunday Okonkwo 3
Oluomachi Chukwu 4
Margaret-Mary Adigwu 5
Vincent Ibe 5
1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115 Calabar Nigeria.
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Calabar, Nigeria
3 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Calabar, Teaching Hospital Calabar, Nigeria
4 Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia State.
5 Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Calabar, Nigeria
چکیده English

Malnutrition among infants and young children remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria. This study investigated the proximate, mineral and vitamin composition of five indigenous complementary food formulations commonly consumed in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Five different formulations, composed of locally sourced ingredients were purchased from local markets and processed using standard methods. The various formulations were then analysed for proximate, vitamin and mineral contents. Each formulation offered a unique blend of nutrients, with all the formulations showing appreciable amounts of both fat- and water-soluble vitamins. Formular A stood out from the others, containing the highest concentration of the B-complex vitamins and mineral elements relative to the other formulations, meeting the dietary refence intake for most nutrients. While formulars D and E contained higher vitamin A concentration than the others. Iron and zinc were highest in samples E and C respectively. All formulations contained nutritionally relevant concentrations of essential minerals. Most blends met the recommended daily allowance, while a few may need fortification with some vitamins and/or minerals. The study highlights the options available to fortify these complementary food formulations for better nourishment of infants and young children in Calabar, Nigeria, and beyond. The findings confirm that indigenous food resources, when scientifically optimized, can serve as effective, affordable, and culturally acceptable alternatives to commercial infant formulas. The study further underscores the potential of locally formulated complementary foods to address micronutrient deficiencies, promote dietary diversity, and strengthen food security in low-income communities.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

assessment
infant nutrition
processing
traditional formulations
weaning
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