بررسی اثر نانوذرات سلنیوم بر کیفیت و ماندگاری میوه گوجه‌فرنگی گیلاسی (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Roma)

نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران
چکیده
امروزه تقاضا برای محصولات سالم و با کیفیت در میان مصرف کنندگان افزایش پیدا کرده است و استفاده از نانوذرات سلنیوم به دلیل خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی، اثرات سودمندی در به تاخیر انداختن پیری و حفظ کیفیت محصولات باغبانی دارد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر نانوذرات سلنیوم بر کیفیت و عمر انباری میوه گوجه فرنگی گیلاسی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح آماری کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. ابتدا بذرهای گوجه‌فرنگی گیلاسی رقم Roma پس از ضدعفونی در گلدان حاوی پرلایت و ورمی‌کولایت (2-1) کشت گردید. سپس نشاها در مرحله تشکیل گل توسط نانوذرات سلنیوم (2، 4، 6 و 8 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) در 3 مرتبه و به فاصله 10 روز محلول‌پاشی شدند. پس از برداشت، ظروف حاوی 5 میوه‌ در یخچال با دمای 1±4 درجه سانتی‌گراد و رطوبت 85 تا 90 درصد، قرارداده شدند. نمونه‌برداری و ارزیابی صفات هم در روز شروع آزمایش، 7، 14 و 21 روز پس از برداشت انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین درصد وزن تر نسبی میوه و شاخص ثبات غشاء سلول، میزان مواد جامد محلول و اسیدیته قابل تیتراسیون، محتوای کارتنوئید و کلروفیل کل، میزان ویتامین ث و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدان کل در تیمار نانوذرات سلنیوم 4 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بود و بیشترین میزان pH و فنل کل در تیمار نانوذرات سلنیوم 2 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بدست آمد. همچنین بیشترین و کمترین عمر انبارمانی میوه‌ها به ترتیب با 5/29 و 3/18 روز در تیمار نانوذرات سلنیوم 4 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و 8 میلی‌گرم در لیتر مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده از این پژوهش کاربرد نانوذرات سلنیوم با غلظت‌های 2 و 4 میلی‌گرم در لیتر تیمار موثری در جهت حفظ کیفیت و ماندگاری گوجه‌فرنگی گیلاسی رقم Roma می‌باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the effect of selenium nanoparticles on the quality and shelf life of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Roma)

نویسندگان English

ghasem kashani 1
Elham Danaee 2
1 M.Sc, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran
2 Associated Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran
چکیده English

Nowadays, the demand for healthy and quality products has increased among consumers, and the use of selenium nanoparticles has beneficial effects in delaying aging and maintaining the quality of horticultural products due to its antioxidant properties. This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the effect of selenium nanoparticles on the quality and shelf life of cherry tomato fruit in a factorial experiment in the form of a completely random statistical design with three replications. First, cherry tomato seeds were cultivated in pots containing perlite and vermiculite (1-2) after disinfection. Then, the seedlings were sprayed with selenium nanoparticles (2, 4, 6 and 8 mg l-1) at flower formation 3 times with an interval 10 days. After harvesting, the containers containing 5 fruits were placed in a refrigerator with a temperature of 4±1°C and a humidity of 85-90%. Sampling and evaluation of traits were done on the day of the experiment, 7, 14 and 21 days after harvesting. The results showed that the highest percentage of fruit relative fresh weight and cell membrane stability index, amount of soluble solids and titratable acidity, total carotenoid and chlorophyll content, amount of vitamin C and total antioxidant activity in the treatment of selenium nanoparticles was 4 mg l-1 and the highest amount pH and total phenol were obtained in the treatment of selenium nanoparticles of 2 mg l-1. Also, the maximum and minimum storage life of fruits were observed with 29.5 and 18.3 days respectively in the treatment of selenium nanoparticles 4 mg l-1 and 8 mg l-1. According to the results obtained from this research, the use of selenium nanoparticles with concentrations of 2 mg l-1 is an effective treatment for maintaining the quality and shelf life of Roma cherry tomatoes.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Antioxidant
shelf life
Selenium
Soluble solids
Vitamin C
[1] Otroshi, M., Karimi, R. 2014. Effect of concentration of plant growth regulators on in vitro micropropagation of cherry tomato. Soil and plant interaction, 5(19): 127-133.
[2] Imani, A., Danaee, E. 2023. The effect of Aloe vera gel and Chitosan as an oral coating on the quality properties and shelf life of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) during storage. Journal of Food Biosciences and Technology, 13(3): 19-26.
[3] Ganjloo, A., Zandi, M., Bimakr, M., Monajem, S. 2020. Ripening stages control of Cherry Tomato coated with Aloe Vera gel using artificial vision system. Journal of food science and technology, 17 (105): 135-149.
[4] Gelyani, S., Danaee, E. 2025. The Effect of starch coating and hot water treatment on the quality and shelf life of Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum). Journal of Innovation in Food Science and Technology, 16 (4): 89-102.
[5] Shah Valibar, A., Ismailzadeh Bahabadi, P., Yusufzai, F. 2016. The effect of nanoparticles on the growth and metabolism of plants. The first international conference on new findings in biotechnology.
[6] Murphy, L.A., Reeves, P.G., Jones, S.S. 2014. Selenium and quality characteristics expressed in wheat breeding lines. Food Systemic Journal, 32: 52-63.
[7] Nawaz, F., Ashraf, M.Y., Ahmad, R., Waraich, E.A., Shabbir, R.N. 2014. Selenium (Se) regulates seedling growth in wheat under drought stress. Advances in Chemistry, (3): 1-7.
[8] Feng, R., Wei, C., Tu, S. 2013. The roles of selenium in protecting plants against abiotic stresses. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 87: 58-68.
[9] Aftab, A., Ali, M., Yousaf, Z., Binjawhar, D. N., Hyder, S., Aftab, Z.-e.-H., Maqbool, Z., Shahzadi, Z., Eldin, S. M., Iqbal, R., Ali, I. 2023. Shelf-life extension of Fragaria × ananassa Duch. Using selenium nanoparticles synthesized from Cassia fistula Linn. Leaves. Food Science & Nutrition, 11: 3464–3484.
[10] Mozafariyan, M., Pessarakli, M., Saghafi, K. 2017. Effects of selenium on some morphological and physiological traits of tomatoplants grown under hydroponic condition. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 40(2): 139-144.
[11] Mohebbi, S., Babalar, M., Zamani, Z., Askari Sarcheshmeh, M. A. 2019. Influence of canopy spraying with sodium selenate on selenium biofortification and fruit quality maintenance of 'Starking Delicious' apple during storage. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 50(3): 501-514.
[12] Soroori, S., Danaee, E., Hemmati, K., Ladan Moghadam, A.R. 2021. The metabolic response and enzymatic activity of Calendula officinalis L. to foliar application of spermidine, citric acid and proline under drought stress and in a post-harvest condition. Journal of Agriculture Scince and Technology, 23 (6): 1339-1353.
[13] Shorakaie, H., Mirzaalian Dastjerdi, A., Ghasemi, M., Rastegar, S. 2024.
Investigating the effects of UV-C and ultrasonic treatments on the shelf life of Langra mango fruits. Journal of food science and technology, 147(21): 16-33.
[14] Abdossi, V., Danaee, E. 2019. Effects of some amino acids and oganic acids on enzymatic activity and longevity of Dianthus caryophyllus cv. Tessino on at pre-harvest stage. Journal of Ornamental Plants, 9(2): 93-104.
[15] Danaee, E., Abdossi, V. 2021. Effect of foliar application of iron, potassium and zinc nano-chlates on morphological, physiological and phytochemical traits of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Food & Health Journal, 4(4): 13-20.
[16] Babashpour-Asl, M., Piryaei, M. 2022. Antioxidant Activities and Several Bioactive Substances of Different Extracts of Vitis vinifera L. Journal of Food Biosciences and Technology, 12(2): 49-60.
[17] Mahdavi Taroni, S., Motamedzadegan, A., Hamzeh, SH., Mir Arab Razi, S. 2018. Evaluation of the effect of pectinase and ultrasound treatment on quality and extraction yield of lycopene from tomato. Journal of food science and technology, 81(15): 335-344.
[18] Rastegari, H., Tehranifar, A., Nemati, S.H., Vazifehshenas, M.R. 2014. Effect of pre harvest application of salicylic Acid on post-harvest characteristics of pomegranate fruit and storage in cold Store. Journal of Horticultural Science, 28(3): 360-368.

[19] Safaryazdi, A., Lahoti, M., Ganjali, A. 2012. Effect of different concentrations of selenium on plant physiological characteristics of spinach Spinacia oleraceae. Journal of Horticultural Science, 26(3): 292-300.
[20] Wang, Y.N., Yi, C., Wang, Y.X., Wang, X. 2018. Effects of selenium fertilizer on fruit quality and plant resistance of Blueberry. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 199(3): 032071.
[21] Pezzarossa, B., Rosellini, I., Borghesi, E., Tonutti, P. 2014. Effects of Se-enrichment on yield, fruit composition and ripening of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants grown in hydroponics. Scientia Horticulturae, 165: 106–110.
[22] Choudhary, P., Jain, V. 2018. Effect of post-harvest treatments of selenium on physico-chemical quality in guava (Psidium guajava L.). Horticulture International Journal, 2(2): 41-44.
[23] Bybordi, A. 2016. Effect of Zeolite, Selenium and Silicon on yield, yield components and some physiological traits of Canola under salt stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 14(1): 154-170.
[24] Rady, M., Belal, H., Gadallah, F., Semida, W. 2020. Selenium application in two methods promotes drought tolerance in Solanum lycopersicum plant by inducing the antioxidant defense system. Scientia Horticulture, 266(6): 109290.
[25] Zhu, Z., Chen, Y., Shi, G., Zhang, X. 2017. Selenium delays tomato fruit ripening by inhibiting ethylene biosynthesis and enhancing the antioxidant defense system. Food Chemistry, 219: 179-184.
[26] Mozaffari, M., Razavi, F., Rabiei, V., Kheiry, A., Hassani, A. 2020. Effect of preharvest spraying of selenium on qualitative and biochemical characteristics of Grape cv. Fakhri (Vitis vinifera cv. Fakhri). Journal of Horticultural Science, 34(1): 61-74.
[27] Yuan, C., Bu, H., Zhao, J., Liu, J., Yuan, H., Wang, A. 2021. Selenium increases fruit quality by reducing ethylene production and the stone cell content in Pear (Pyrus Ussuriensis), Agricultural and Food Sciences, 1-17.
[28] Esmaeili, N., Naghshband, R., Zare Nahandi, F. 2019. Evaluation of the effect of harvest time and fruit cold storage period on some of qualitative characteristics of Cornelian cherry fruit. Food Research Journal, 29(3): 69-84.
[29] Elham, Z., Motty, A.E., Orabi, S.A. 2013. The beneficial effects of using zinc, yeast and selenium on yield, fruit quality and antioxidant defense systems in navel orange trees grown under newly reclaimed sandy soil. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 9(10): 6487-6497.
[30] Fakorizadeh, S., daneshvar, M., Zare-Bavani M. 2024. Postharvest application of chitosan and putrescine on maintaining the quality and extend shelf-life of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Journal of food science and technology, 20 (144): 112-130.
[31] Oliveira, V.C., Faquin., Guimarães, K., Andrade, F. 2018. Agronomic biofortification of carrot with selenium. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, Lavras, 42(2): 138-147.
[32] Lu, N., Wu, L., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Shan, C. 2022. Selenium improves the content of vitamin C in the fruit of strawberry by regulating the enzymes responsible for vitamin C metabolism. Plant Soil Environ, 68(4): 205-211.
[33] Rostamzadeh, B., Ramin, A.A., Amini, F., Pirmoradian, M. 2015. Effect of chitosan coating on increasing postharvest life and maintaining apple fruit quality Cv “Soltani”. Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 5 (17): 263-272.
[34] Zarbakhsh, S., Rastegar, S. 2017. The effect of salicylic acid and gum arabic on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Ziziphus mauritina Lam during storage. Journal of Food Technology and Nutrition, 14(2): 87-98.
[35] Hosseinzadeh Rostam Kalaei, M., Abdossi, V., Danaee, E. 2022. Evaluation of foliar application of selenium and flowering stages on selected properties of Iranian Borage as a medicinal plan. Scientific Reports, 12: 1-10.
[36] Groth, S., Budke, C., Weber, T., Neugart, S., Brockmann, S., Holz, M., Sawadski, BC., Daum, D., Rohn, S. 2021. Relationship between phenolic compounds, antioxidant properties, and the allergenic protein Mal d 1 in different Selenium-biofortified apple cultivars (Malus domestica). Molecules, 26(9): 2647.
[37] Zeraatgar, H., Davarynejad, G.H., Moradinezhad, F., Abedi, B. 2018. Investigation of changes in total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of fresh fruit jujube under storage conditions. The first national conference on new opportunities for production and employment in the agricultural sector in the east of the country.
[38] Chomchan, R., Siripongvutikorn, S., Puttarak, P. 2017. Selenium bio-fortification: an alternative to improve phytochemicals and bioactivities of plant foods. Functional Foods in Health and Disease, 7(4): 263-279.
[39] Wang, X., Chang, F., Dong, Q., Jia, P., Luan, H., Wang, X., Zhang, J., Yuan, X., Zhang, X., Yang, S., Qi, G., Guo, S. 2023. Selenium application during fruit development can effectively inhibit browning of fresh-cut apples by enhancing antioxidant capacity and suppressing polyphenol oxidase activity. Journal of Plant Physiology, 287: 154050.
[40] Islam, M.Z., Mele, M.A., Baek, J.P., Kang, H.M. 2018. Iron, odine and Selenium effects on quality, shelf life and microbial activity of Cherry Tomatoes. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 46(2): 388–392.