مقایسه میزان عناصر غذایی در هسته ارقام مختلف خرمای داخلی و خارجی

نویسندگان
محمدرضا پورقیومی 1
کمال غلامی‌پور فرد 2
سارا قرخ‌زاده 3
1 استادیار پژوهشی، پژوهشکده خرما و میوههای گرمسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران.
2 استادیار، بخش تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، داراب، ایران.
3 بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران.
10.22034/FSCT.21.147.57
چکیده
هسته خرما منبعی غنی از مواد معدنی، فیبر، کربوهیدارت و دارای ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی بالایی است که می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک منبع ارزان و فراسودمند در فرمولاسیون محصولات غذایی در کشور مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی میزان عناصر غذایی در هسته 15 رقم خرمای تحت کشت در استان خوزستان شامل ارقام داخلی (فرسی، استعمران، زاهدی، دیری، بلیانی، بریم، برحی، سویدانی، اشرسی، حلاوی، عویدی و پیارم) و خارجی (مجول، دگلت‌نور، توری) در پژوهشکده خرما و میوه‌های گرمسیری انجام شد. این ارقام در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که بین میزان مواد معدنی هسته ارقام مختلف خرمای مورد بررسی، تفاوت بسیار معنی‌داری از نظر میزان عناصر معدنی آهن، منگنز، مس، روی، سدیم، پتاسیم و کلسیم وجود دارد. در هسته‌های خرما، عنصر پتاسیم دارای بالاترین مقدار نسبت به سایر عناصر بود و پس از آن کلسیم، سدیم، روی، آهن، منگنز و مس قرار گرفتند. بالاترین میزان عناصر آهن و منگنز در هسته رقم دیری و بالاترین میزان مس و پتاسیم در هسته رقم مجول مشاهد شد. هسته رقم دگلت‌نور داری بالاترین میزان سدیم و کلسیم بود. همچنین، بالاترین میزان عنصر روی در هسته رقم برحی یافت شد. در هسته‌های ارقام مختلف خرما، بین درصد کلسیم و درصد سدیم بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار مشاهده شد. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه خوشه‌ای، ارقام خرمای مورد بررسی از نظر میزان عناصر غذایی هسته، در چهار گروه اصلی طبقه‌بندی شدند. به‌طور کلی، هسته‌های خرمای ارقام مورد بررسی، حاوی مقادیر قابل توجه اما کاملا متغیری از عناصر غذایی بودند و استفاده از هسته‌های ارقام خرمای داخلی دیری و برحی و رقم خارجی مجول به‌عنوان اجزای مهم در تولید مواد غذایی فراسودمند در کشور توصیه می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
مواد معدنی
واریته
محصولات غذایی
نخل خرما
تجزیه کلاستر

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Comparison of mineral compositions in seeds of different native and imported date cultivars

نویسندگان English

Mohammadreza Pourghayoumi 1
Kamal Gholamipour Fard 2
Sara Farokhzadeh 3
1 Research Assistant Professor, Date Palm and Tropical Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran.
3 PhD of Plant Breeding, Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Fras Agricultural and Natural Sciences Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده English

Date palm seed is a rich source of minerals, fiber, carbohydrates, and contains high levels of antioxidant compounds, making it a cost-effective and beneficial ingredient for formulating food products in the country. The current research was conducted to investigate the mineral contents in the seeds of 15 cultivated date palm cultivars in Khuzestan province including native cultivars (‘Fersi’, ‘Satmaran’, ‘Zahidi’, ‘Deiri’, ‘Belyani’, ‘Bereim’, ‘Barhee’, ‘Sowaidani’, ‘Asharsi’, ‘Hallawi’, ‘Owaidi’, and ‘Piarom’), and imported cultivars (‘Medjool’, ‘Deglet Noor’, and ‘Thoory’), at the Date Palm and Tropical Fruits Research Center of Iran. These cultivars were analyzed using a completely random design with three replications. The results showed, there are significant differences in the mineral contents, including Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Na, K, and Ca in the seeds of different date cultivars. K had the highest content in date palm seeds compared to other elements, followed by Ca, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu. The highest levels of Fe and Mn elements were observed in the seed of the ‘Deiri’ cultivar, while the highest levels of Cu and K were found in the seeds of the ‘Medjool’ cultivar. The ‘Deglet Noor’ cultivar had the highest contents of Na and Ca in its seeds. Also, the highest concentration of zinc element was detected in the seed of the ‘Barhee’ cultivar. In different date seeds, the highest positive and significant correlation was observed between Ca% and Na%. Based on the cluster analysis results, regarding seed mineral contents, the examined date palm cultivars were classified into four main groups. Overall, the seeds of examined date palm cultivars, contained significant but highly variable amounts of minerals, and the use of seeds from the ‘Deiri’ and ‘Barhee’ (native cultivars) and ‘Medjool’ (imported cultivar) is recommended as important components in the production of functional food products in the country.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Minerals
Variety
Food products
date palm
Cluster Analysis
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