بهینه سازی فرمولاسیون پوشش حاوی اسفناج برای اسنک حجیم شده ذرت

نویسندگان
عذرا صفوی 1
شهرام بیرقی طوسی 2
مجید هاشمی 3
1 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، موسسه آموزش عالی جهاد دانشگاهی کاشمر
2 گروه پژوهشی فرآوری مواد غذایی، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری مواد غذایی جهاددانشگاهی
3 گروه پژوهشی فراوری مواد غذایی، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری مواد غذایی جهاد دانشگاهی
10.22034/FSCT.20.136.172
چکیده
هدف از این مطالعه بهینه­سازی فرمولاسیون پوشش فراورده حجیم شده ذرت با استفاده از مالتودکسترین، نشاسته ذرت و اسفناج به منظور بهبود ویژگی­های تغذیه‌ای اسنک حجیم بود. جهت تهیه پوشش از 55-65 درصد روغن و 35-45 درصد مواد پودری در دو قسمت مجزا شامل 80 درصد اجزای ثابت (شیرخشک، پودرآب پنیر و نمک به ترتیب 25، 50 و 5 درصد) و20 درصد اجزای متغیر (پودرپنیر، مالتودکسترین و نشاسته ذرت) ‌استفاده شد. بهینه‌سازی با طرح آماری متقاطع انجام شد. پس از انجام آزمون‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی و حسی و انتخاب نمونه بهینه، پودر اسفناج در سه سطح 4، 6 و 8 درصد به فرمولاسیون بهینه اضافه شد و آزمون‌های حسی و ارزیابی یکنواختی صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از نشاسته ذرت در فرمولاسیون پوشش سبب افزایش جذب روغن، سختی، قرمزی، پایداری کلوییدی و امتیاز ویژگی‌های حسی شد اما پذیرش­ کلی را کاهش داد، درحالی‌که استفاده از مالتودکسترین سبب افزایش قرمزی و امتیاز ویژگی­های حسی گردید و جذب روغن و سختی را کاهش داد. استفاده از پودر پنیر در پوشش سبب افزایش جذب روغن، سختی، پایداری کلوییدی و عطر و طعم شد و میزان قرمزی و امتیاز سایر ویژگی­های حسی را کاهش داد. افزایش درصد روغن تا 63 درصد، جذب روغن را افزایش و شاخص قرمزی را بطور معنی­داری کاهش داد (p<0.05). افزایش درصد روغن تا 60 درصد، سختی بافت، پایداری کلوئیدی و امتیاز رنگ را بطور معنی­داری افزایش داد (p<0.05). فرمولاسیون بهینه حاوی 10 درصد مالتودکسترین، 10 درصد پودر پنیر و 55 درصد روغن بود. امتیاز ویژگی‎های حسی در فرمولاسیون حاوی 8 درصد پودر اسفناج بطور معنی­داری بالاتر از سایر درصدها بود (p<0.05) و به عنوان بهترین پوشش تشخیص داده شد. نتایج نشان داد که جهت بهبود یکنواختی و پایداری امولسیون پوشش می‌توان از مالتودکسترین و نشاسته ذرت استفاده کرد و ارزش غذایی آن را با استفاده از اسفناج افزایش داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اکستروژن
بهینه‎یابی
پوشش
مالتودکسترین
نشاسته ذرت

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Optimization of coating formulation containing spinach for puffed corn snack

نویسندگان English

ezra safavi 1
Shahram Beiraghi-Toosi 2
Majid Hashemi 3
1 Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Higher Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran
2 Food processing research department, Foos science and technology research institute, Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)
3 Food processing research department, Foos science and technology research institute, Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)
چکیده English

The aim of this study was to optimize the formulation of coating of bulked corn products using maltodextrin, corn and spinach in order to improve the nutritional characteristics of puffed snacks. oil (55-65%) and powder materials (35-45%) as fixed components (80%) including milk powder, whey powder and salt (25, 50 and 5%, respectively) – and variable components (20%) including cheese powder, maltodextrin and corn starch were used to prepare the coating. Optimization was done with cross statistical design. After the physicochemical and sensory tests and selecting the optimal sample, spinach powder was added to the optimal formulation at 4, 6, and 8%, and sensory tests and uniformity evaluation were performed. The results showed that the oil absorption, hardness, redness, colloidal stability and sensory characteristics of the sample was increased by use of corn starch in the coating formulation, but overall acceptance was reduced, while redness and sensory characteristics increased by use of maltodextrin and oil absorption and hardness was reduced. The oil absorption, hardness, colloidal stability and flavor increased by use of cheese powder in the coating and redness and sensory characteristics reduced. Increasing the percentage of oil to 63% increased oil absorption and decreased the redness index (p<0.05). Increasing the percentage of oil to 60% significantly increased texture hardness, colloidal stability and color factor (p<0.05). The best optimal coating containing 10% each maltodextrin and cheese powder and 55% oil was obtained. The scores of sensory factors in the formulation containing 8% spinach powder were significantly higher than the others (p<0.05) and adding 8% of spinach powder to the optimal coating was recognized as the best sample. The results showed that in order to improve the uniformity and stability of the coating emulsion, maltodextrin and corn starch can be used and its nutritional value can be increased by using spinach.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Extrusion
Optimization
Coating
Maltodextrin
Corn starch
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