بهینه‌سازی فرایند خشک کردن شلتوک برنج با خشک کن مادون قرمز

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم- دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیتم- دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی گرگان
3 استادیار گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیتم- دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی گرگان
4 دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات برنج ایران
چکیده
یکی از اهداف اصلی خشک کردن محصولات کشاورزی، کاهش محتوای رطوبت و رساندن آن به سطحی مطلوب برای دست یافتن به حداکثر مدت ماندگاری و کاهش ضایعات در مرحله‌ی فراوری می‌باشد. با توجه به گسترش علوم جدید و روش‌های مختلف خشک کردن، استفاده از روش های نوین نظیر پرتودهی مادون قرمز لازم است مورد مطالعه قرار گیرد. در این پژوهش به منظور تعیین اثر دمای هوا در سه سطح 40، 50 و 60 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نهایی شلتوک در سه سطح 8-7%، 10-9% و %11-12 (بر پایه وزن خشک) بر مدت زمان خشک‌شدن و درصد پوسته شلتوک برنج رقم طارم هاشمی از خشک‌کن استوانه‌ای دوار ناپیوسته مادون قرمز در سه تکرار استفاده شد، همچنین اثر سه سطح دمایی و رطوبتی و دو نوع محصول: شلتوک و برنج قهوه‌ای بر برخی خواص مکانیکی شلتوک های خشک شده در 5 تکرار بوسیله دستگاه اینسترون تعیین گردید. نتایج نشان داد که فاکتورهای مورد مطالعه دما و رطوبت تاثیر معنی‌داری بر روی زمان خشک شدن دارند اما هیچ کدام از دو فاکتور دما و رطوبت بر روی درصد پوسته معنی‌دار نبود. اندازه‌گیری خواص مکانیکی شلتوک برنج پس از خشک شدن نشان داد که در میان سه فاکتور: نوع محصول (شلتوک و برنج قهوه‌ای)، رطوبت و دما، دو فاکتور نوع محصول و رطوبت تاثیر بیشتری بر خواص مکانیکی داشتند. نتایج به دست آمده در این تحقیق نشان داد که دمای بهینه خشک کردن 57/68 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نهایی (بر پایه وزن خشک) 7/5 درصد می‌باشد و در این شرایط مدت زمان بهینه خشک کردن 84/76 دقیقه بود بطوریکه درصد پوسته، زمان شکست، و نیروی شکست به ترتیب برابر بودند با 21/54 درصد، 4/24 ثانیه و 33/92 نیوتن، همچنین مقدار جابجایی تا نقطه شکست برابر با 0/34 میلی‌متر بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Optimization of rice husk drying process with infrared dryer

نویسندگان English

hamid rayenimoghbeli 1
Mohammad hashem Rahmati 2
Hossien ali Tash shamsabadi 3
Mohammad reza Alizadeh 4
1 Master of Engineering Student, Department of Bio-system mechanical Engineering-Gorgan university
2 Associate professor- Department of Bio-System mechanical Engineering, Gorgan university of Agricultural sciences and Natural Resources
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Bio-System mechanical Engineering, Gorgan university of Agricultural sciences and Natural Resources
4 Associate professor, Rice Research Institute
چکیده English

One of the main goals of drying agricultural crop is reduction of the moisture content and obtain optimum moisture in order to get maximum storage time and reduction of crop losses in the processing stage. Regarding to new science application and different methods of drying, use of new methods such as drying with infrared ray is necessary to be studied. In this study in order to determine effect of air temperature at three levels of 40, 50 and 60 ° C and ultimate paddy moisture at levels of %7-8, % 9-10 and %11-12 (based on dry weight) on drying time and paddy husk percent of Tarom Hashemi was used rotary cylindrical drier of infrared in three replications. Besides, effect in three levels of temperature and moisture and two type crop of paddy and brown rice on some mechanical properties of the dried paddy were determined by instron apparatus in five replications. The results indicated that the studied factors temperature and moisture had a significant effect on drying time. However, temperature and moisture factors hadn’t significant effect on the husk present. Measurement of Mechanical properties of rice paddy after drying indicated that among three factors: type crop (paddy and brown rice), moisture and temperature; two factors of type crop and moisture were more effective on mechanical properties. The obtained results of the research showed that optimum temperature of drying and optimum ultimate moisture (based on dry weight) are 57/68 ° C degree and %7/5 and under such conditions optimum time of drying was 84/76 minutes so that husk percent, break time and force were %21/54, 4/24 sec and 33/92 N respectively, besides size of displacement up to break point was 0/34 mm.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Optimization
Paddy rice
Rotary cylindrical dryer
Mechanical properties
Infrared
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