مقایسه تاثیر تیمارهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی بر کنترل پوسیدگی، خواص کیفی و برخی فلاونوئیدهای میوه پرتقال تامسون ناول در انبار سرد

نویسندگان
1 مربی، پژوهشکده مرکبات و میوه‌های نیمه گرمسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رامسر، ایران
2 استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
3 استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
4 استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
پوسیدگی ناشی از کپک های سبز و آبی یکی از دلایل اصلی فساد پرتقال تامسون می‌باشد و می‌تواند تبدیل به یک عامل محدود کننده در انبارمانی میوه‌ها گردد.هدف این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر تیمارهای واکس، آب گرم، کلرید کلسیم و تیمار قارچ‌کش تجاری تکتو‏60 بر پوسیدگی، از طریق القای بیوسنتز ترکیبات فلاونوئیدی و در‏نتیجه حفظ کیفیت پس‏از برداشت میوه ‏های پرتقال تامسون ‏ناول (سالم، زخم شده و آلوده شده با قارچ پنی‏سیلیوم) بود. میوه ‏ها به مدت سه ماه در انبار سرد با دمای 5 تا 7 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی حدود 75 تا 90 درصد نگه‏داری شد. کاهش وزن در میوه‌های واکس‏ خورده کمتر از سایر تیمارها بود. میوه‏های زخم‏شده و آلوده‏سازی شده شانس زیادی برای بقا نداشتند، تنها تیمارهای تکتو‏60 و آب‏گرم توانستند پوسیدگی میوه‏های زخم و آلوده را به‏طور معنی‌داری کاهش دهند. در مقابل هیچ‌یک از تیمارها در‏کنترل پوسیدگی میوه‏ های بدون‏ زخم اختلاف نداشتند. میزان فنل‏ کل پوست و گوشت میوه در دوره انبارداری کاهش یافت. مقدار هسپریدین پوست نیز در تیمار واکس بریتکس 1050 میکرو‏گرم بر گرم عصاره بود. بیشترین مقدار اسکوپارون پوست و گوشت میوه به‏ترتیب در تیمار آب‏ داغ (9/100 میکروگرم بر گرم عصاره) و تیمار کلسیم‏+‏زخم (71/64 میکروگرم بر گرم عصاره) بود. کاربرد تیمارهای تکتو 60 و آب گرم می تواند پوسیدگی میوه‏های زخم و آلوده را کاهش دهد. تیمارها در کنترل پوسیدگی میوه‏های بدون زخم تفاوتی نداشتند که این موضوع اهمیت جلوگیری از آسیب مکانیکی به میوه در مرحله قبل از برداشت و زمان جابجایی را نشان می‏دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Comparison of the effect of physical and chemical treatments on decay control, qualitative characteristics and some flavonoids of Thomson-navel orange fruits in cold storage

نویسندگان English

Maziar FAGHIH NASIRI 1
Reza Omidbaigi 2
Seyed Mohammad Fakhr Tabatabaie 3
Kazem Arzani 2
Rasoul Zare 4
1 Researcher, citrus and subtropical research center, Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ramsar, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Professor, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

The decay of green and blue molds of Thomson navel oranges is one of the main causes of this product's decay and it can be a limiting factor in storing fruits. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of wax, hot water, calcium chloride and commercial Tecto 60 fungicide treatments on reducing decay by inducing biosynthesis of flavonoid compounds and maintaining the postharvest quality of Thomson navel orange fruits. Fruits kept for three months in a cold storage at a temperature of 5 to 7 °C and a relative humidity of about 75 to 90%. Weight loss of fruits in waxed fruits was significantly lower than other treatments. The wounded and infected fruits did not have much chance of survival. None of the treatments were significantly effective on control of decay of non-wounded fruits. Total phenol content of fruit peel and flesh decreased during storage. Hesperidin in the peel was at the highest level in Britex wax treatment. The highest amount of scoparon of fruit peel and flesh was in hot water and calcium + wounded treatments, respectively. Although the amount of scoparon in some treatments inhibited the germination of fungal spores, it did not have the expected effect in controlling decay. The use of Tecto 60™ and hot water can significantly reduce the decay of wounded and infected fruits. The treatments were not effective in controlling the deterioration of intact fruits, which indicates the importance of preventing mechanical damage to the fruit in the pre-harvest stage.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

scoparon
Cold storage
Citrus
fruit decay
hesperidin
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