[1] [1] Wu, X., Liu, P., Shi, H., Wang, H., Huang, H., Shi, Y., & GAO, S. (2021). Photo aging and fragmentation of polypropylene food packaging materials in artificial seawater. Water Research, 188, 116456.
[2] Fu, X.; Chang, X.; Ding, Z.; Xu, H.; Kong, H.; Chen, F.; Wang, R.; Shan, Y.; Ding, S. (2022). Fabrication and Characterizationof Eco-Friendly Polyelectrolyte Bilayer Films Based on Chitosan and Different Types of Edible Citrus Pectin.Foods,11,3536. https://doi.org/10.3390/ foods11213536
[3] Abdalkarim, S.Y.H.; Chen, L.M.; Yu, H.Y.; Li, F.; Chen, X.; Zhou, Y.; Tam, K.C. (2021).Versatile nanocellulose-based nanohybrids: A promising-new class for active packaging applications. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 182, 1915–1930.
[4] Udayakumar, G. P., Muthusamy, S., Selvaganesh, B., Sivarajasekar, N., Rambabu, K., banat, F., sivamani, S., Sivakumar, N., Hosseini-Bandegharaei, A., & Show, P. L. (2021). Biopolymers and composites: Properties, characterization and their applications in food, medical and pharmaceutical industries. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(4), 105322.
[5] Safia, KH., Amina, B., Houda, T., & Hamdi, I. 2024. Edible biofilm formation based on gum Arabic from acacia Senegal. Studies in Engineering and Exact Sciences. DOI: 10.54021/seesv5n2-211
[6] Huang , S., Dong, Q., Che , S., Li , R., & Tang, K.H.D. 2025. Bioplastics and biodegradable plastics: A review of recent advances, feasibility and cleaner production.The Science of the Total Environment. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178911
[7] Hassan, M.E., Bai, J., & Dou, D.Q. 2019. Biopolymers; Definition, Classification and Applications. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry,62(9),1725-1737.
[8] Lazo, L.; Melo, G.M.; Auad, M.L.; Filippa, M.; Masuelli, M.A.( 2022). Synthesis and Characterization of Chanar Gum Films. Colloids Interfaces, 6, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/ colloids6010010
[9] Shahrampour, D., Razavi, S. M. A.( 2022). Physicochemical and structural properties of a bio-based antioxidant packaging film derived from Eremurus luteus root gum. Materials Today Communications, 33 (12), 104756-10.
[10] Fatemi, h. 2018. Food chemistry. Publishing company.
[11] Dashti, M., Zarif Ketabi, H., Paryab A., & Tavakoli, H. (2005). “Study OF Ecological Requirements of Foxtail Lilly (Eremurus Spectabilis M.B.) In Khorassan,” Iran. J. Range Desert Res., vol. 12, p. 153 To 165.
[12] Zargari, Ali. 1369 medicinal plants. Volume 4, Tehran: Tehran University Publications.
[13] Khorasani, M.M., Yousefi, A.A. and Langroudi, A.A. 2015. Viscoelastic behavior of Cerish-Borax gels. Journal of Polymer Science and Technology 3: 1-11.
[14] Rubin, R. (2002). The Melagria: on anchorites and edible roots in Judaean Desert. Liber Annuus, 52: 347-352.
[15] Jahanbin K., Abbasian A., & Ahang , M. (2017). Isolation, purification and structural characterization of a new water-soluble polysaccharide from Eremurus stenophyllus (boiss. & buhse) baker roots. Carbohydrate Polymers, 178. 386-393.
[16] Shahrampour, D., Razavi, S. M. A. (2023). Fabrication and characterization of novel biodegradable active films based on Eremurus luteus root gum incorporated with nanoemulsions of rosemary essential oil. Progress in Organic Coatings.
[17] Muhidinov, Z.K., Bobokalonov , J.T., Ismoilov , I.B., Strahan , G.D., Chau , H.K., Arland T. Hotchkiss , A.T., & Liu, L. (2020). Characterization of two types of polysaccharides from Eremurus hissaricus roots growing in Tajikistan. Food Hydrocolloids, 105.
[18] Baratian Garghi, S., Mohebi, M., & Koocheki , A. 2017. Investigating the properties of a new biodegradable film from Sirish: evaluating the effect of the type and concentration of plasticizer. Master thesis of food science and industry. Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad - Faculty of Agriculture.
[19] ASTM E96-00 . (1995). Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials. In Annual Book of American Standard Testing Methods. Philadelphia, PA: American Society of Testing and Materials.
[20] Shaygannia, Sh., Eshaghi, M.R., Fazel, M., & Hashemiravan, M. (2020). Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of lemon wastes affected by microencapsulation using coatings of Arabic, Persian, and basil seed gums. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 1-11.
[21] Salehi, E., Emam-Djomeh,Z., Askari, Gh., & Fathi, M. (2019). Opuntia ficus indica fruit gum: Extraction, characterization, antioxidant activity and functional properties. Carbohydrate Polymers, 206, 565-572.
[22] Niazmand, R., & Yeganehzad, S. (2020). Capability of oxygen-scavenger sachets and modifed atmosphere packaging to extend fresh barberry shelf life. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 7:28.
[23] Roy, S., & Whan Rhim, J.( 2020). Carboxymethyl cellulose-based antioxidant and antimicrobial active packaging film incorporated with curcumin and zinc oxide. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 148, 666-676.
[24] Hasheminya, S., Mokarram, R.R., Ghanbarzadeh, B., Hamishekar, H., Kafil, H.S., & Dehghannya, J. (2019). Development and characterization of biocomposite films made from kefiran, carboxymethyl cellulose and Satureja Khuzestanica essential oil. Food Chem, 289, 443–452.
[25] ASTM D882. (2009). Standard test method for tensile properties of thin plastic sheeting. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International.
[26] Niazmand , R., & Razavizadeh, B.M. (2021). Active polyethylene films incorporated with β-cyclodextrin/ferula asafoetida extract inclusion complexes: Sustained release of bioactive agents. Polymer Testing, 95.
[27] Kian, L.K., Saba , N., Jawaid, M., Alothmanb , O.Y., & Fouad, H. (2020). Properties and characteristics of nanocrystalline cellulose isolated from olive fiber. Carbohydrate Polymers, 241, 1-7.
[28] Malsawmtluangi , C., Thanzami , K., Lalhlenmawia , H., Selvan , V., Palanisamy , S., Kandasamy , R., & Pachuau , L. (2014). Physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of Prunus cerasoides D. Don gum exudates. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 69, 192-199.
[29] Zahedi, Y. (2019). Edible/Biodegradable Films and Coatings from Natural Hydrocolloids. Emerging Natural Hydrocolloids: Rheology and Functions.
[30] Saravani Pak, E., Najafi Ghaghelestani, S., & Najafi, M.A. (2020). Preparation and characterization of a new edible film based on Persian gum with glycerol plasticizer. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 1-11.
[31] Arham, R., Mulyati, M.T., Metusalach, M., & Salengke, S. (2016). Physical and mechanical properties of agar based edible film with glycerol plasticizer. International Food Research Journal 23(4): 1669-1675.
[32] Kokoszka, S., Debeaufort, F., Hambleton, A., Lenart, A. and Voilley, A. (2010). Protein and glycerol contents affect physico-chemical properties of soy protein isolate-based edible films. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies 11: 503-510.
[33] Sadeghi-Varkani, A., Emam-Djomeh, Z., & Askari, Gh.( 2017). Physicochemical and Microstructural Properties of a Novel Edible Film Synthesized from Balangu Seed Mucilage. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.
[34] Carneiro-da-Cunha, M. G., Cerqueira, M. A., Souza, B. W., Souza, M. P., Teixeira, J. A., & Vicente, A.A. (2009). Physical properties of edible coatings and films made with a polysaccharide from Anacardium occidentale L. Journal of Food Engineering, 95,379-385.
[35] Javanmard, M., & Golestan, L. 2010. Water vapor permeability of edible films based on whey protein concentrate and olive oil Iranian Chemical Engineering Journal , 9 (46).
[36] Ameri Nasab, A., & Khodaiyan, F. 2014. An attitude on the properties of edible films based on kefir extracellular polysaccharide. The first national snack conference
[37] Haq, M.A., Hasnain, A., & Azam. M. (2014). Characterization of edible gum cordia film: Effects of plasticizers. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 55(1), 163-169.
[38] Rezaei Taqiabadi, M., Moftun Azad, N., Badiei, F., Hosseini, S. A. 2018. Evaluation of factors affecting mechanical properties, turbidity and water vapor permeability of tragacanth based edible films using surface response method. Quarterly Journal of Food Science and Industry. 37(9).
[39] Razavi, S. M. A., Amini, A. M., Zahedi, Y. (2015). Characterisation of a new biodegradable edible film based on sage seed gum: Influence of plasticiser type and concentration. Food Hydrocolloids, 43, 290-298.
[40] Ren, J. (2008). Study on edible film based on whey protein concentrate. Wuxi:Jiangnan University.
[41] Kibar E.A.A., & Ferhunde, US .(2017). starch-cellulose ether films: microstructure and water resistance. J Food Process Eng 40:1–8.
[42] Dick, M., Costa, T.M.H., Gomaa, A., Subirade, M., Rios, A.D.O., & Flôres, S.H. (2015). Edible film production from chia seed mucilage: Effect of glycerol concentration on its physicochemical and mechanical properties. Carbohydrate Polymers, 130, 198-205.
[43] Haq, M.A., Jafri, F.A., & Hasnain, A. (2016). Effects of plasticizers on sorption and optical properties of gum cordia based edible film, JFST 53 (6) , 2606–2613.
[44] Al-Hassan, A.A. and Norziah, M.H. (2012).
[45] Starchgelatin edible films: water vapor permeability and mechanical properties as affected by plasticizers. Food Hydrocolloids 26: 108-117.
[46] Jongjareonrak, A., Benjakul, S., Visessanguan, W., Prodpran, T. and Tanaka, M. (2006). Characterization of edible film from skin gelatin of brownstripe red snapper and bigeye snapper. Food Hydrocolloids 20: 492-501.
[47] Polnaya, F.J., Talahatu, J., Haryadi and Marseno, D.W. (2012). Properties of biodegradable films from hydroxypropyl sago starch. Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry 5(3): 183-192.
[48] Fazilah, A., Maizura, M., Abd Karim, A., Bhupinder, K., Rajeev, B., Uthumporn, U. and Chew, S. H. 2011. Physical and mechanical properties of sago starch – alginate films incorporated with calcium chloride. International Food Research Journal 18(3): 1027-1033
[49] Ren, Y.Y., Fang, J.L., Gong, R.Z., Xiang, Z.L., & Sun, P.P. 2023. Preparation of alkali-soluble polysaccharide from Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels and its effects on properties of chitosan-based edible film. Sec. Sustainable Food Processing,7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1185951
[50] Murdinah, Darmawan, M. and Fransiska, D. (2007). Characteristics of edible film of the composite alginate, gluten and beeswax. Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan 2(1): 19-25.
[51] Zhang, P., Zhao, Y., & Shi, Q. (2016). Characterization of a novel edible film based on gumghatti: Effect of plasticizer type and concentration. Carbohydrate Polymers, 153: 345-355.
[52] Embuscado, M. E., & Huber, K. C. (2009). Edible films and coatings for food applications (pp. 213-214). New York, NY, USA:: Springer.
[53] Kamboj, S., & Rana, V. (2014). Physicochemical, rheological and antioxidant potential of corn fiber gum. Food Hydrocolloids, 39.1-9.
[54] Rajaei, A., Shekarchizadeh, H. 2018. Investigating the physical and mechanical properties of biodegradable film prepared from Javashir gum Food science and industry. 91 (16).
[55] Soni, B., Mahmoud, B., Chang, S., El-Giar, E.M., & Hassan, E.B. 2018. Physicochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of chitosan/TEMPO biocomposite packaging films. Food Packaging Shelf Life;17:73-9.
[56] Jouki, M., Khazaei, N., Ghasemlou, M., & HadiNezhad,M. (2013). Effect of glycerol concentration on edible film production from cress seed carbohydrate gum, Carbohydr. Polym. 96 (1) ; 39–46.
[57] Karaman, K., Polat, B., Ozturk, I., Sagdic, O., & Ozdemir, C. (2011). Volatile Compounds and Bioactivity of Eremurus spectabilis (Ciris), a Turkish Wild Edible Vegetable. Journal of Medicinal Food, 14(10).
