مجله علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

مجله علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

Modulation of Gardenia jasminoides Callus Growth and Secondary Metabolite Profiles by Light Sources and Nanoparticles In Vitro.

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
Ahmad Hadi Hamza
Makki N. Nayef
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq
10.48311/fsct.2026.120698.83156
چکیده
The nanoparticles used in this study were zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO), with an average particle size of <50 nm, a zeta potential of -20 mV to -30 mV, and a concentration of 0.25 mg/L. Nanoparticles were suspended in sterile distilled water using ultrasonication for 30 minutes before adding to the culture medium. No additional stabilizers were used. Particle characterization was performed using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to confirm size and stability. The experiment involved two factors: the first was three levels of light exposure (white fluorescent, red LED, and blue LED), and the second was nanoparticles (zinc nanoparticles and copper nanoparticles) at a concentration of 0.25 mg. For comparison, separate control treatments were included using the corresponding bulk material (zinc sulfate and copper sulfate) at the same concentration to distinguish nanoparticle-specific effects from ionic effects. The experiment was conducted on gardenia callus. The results showed positive effects on the production of secondary metabolites in the gardenia callus. The red light treatment resulted in the highest levels of the following secondary metabolites: apgenin, ferulic acid, gallic acid, and kaempferol (72.46, 94.23, 123.34, and 67.21 µg/kg fresh weight, respectively), compared to the darkness treatment, which yielded the lowest levels of these metabolites. The study also showed positive results regarding the production of secondary metabolites in plant callus.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Light levels
nanoparticles
callus
gardenia
secondary metabolites
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