مجله علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

مجله علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

ارزیابی تاثیر زمان و شرایط نگهداری بر ویژگی‌های کیفی و میکروبی دانه کنجد مقاوم به ریزش

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
1 استاد یار بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش وترویج کشاورزی، گرگان ایران.
2 استاد یار بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی کشاورزی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش وترویج کشاورزی، گرگان ایران.
10.48311/fsct.2026.84043.0
چکیده
کنجد یکی از گیاهان دیرینه زراعی و با ارزش است که از نظر ارزش غذایی مقام دوم را پس از روغن زیتون به ­خود اختصاص داده­است. دانه کنجدSesamum indicum L.) )  معمولاّ پس از برداشت به مدت چند ماه در انبار نگهداری می­شوند. شرایط نگهداری دانه بر کمیت وکیفیت روغن استحصالی دانه­ و کیفیت بذری کنجد تاثیر به­سزایی دارد. بنابراین تعیین شرایط مناسب نگهداری و حفظ خصوصیات کیفی روغن و بذر کنجد، به جهت کاهش ضایعات پس از برداشت اهمیت دارد. لذا در این تحقیق نمونه ­هایی از کنجد مقاوم به­ریزش در دو محیط (شرایط محیطی و شرایط سرد با دمای یخچال)، با سه نوع بسته­بندی (بدون بسته­بندی، کیسه پارچه­ای متقالی و کیسه کاغذی ­­لایه ­دار) به مدت دوازده ماه نگهداری شدند و در طی این مدت هر سه ماه یک­بار نمونه برداری و اسیدیته و میزان پراکسید، درصد جوانه زنی و میزان آفلاتوکسین دانه و به روش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفتند. نتایج نشان داد اثر عامل­های محیط، نوع بسته­بندی و مدت زمان نگهداری و اثرات متقابل بین آنها بر خصوصیات مورد ارزیابی معنی­دار است (0/05>P). با افزایش زمان نگهداری خصوصیات کیفی روغن کاهش یافت، اما آزمون مقایسه میانگین­ها نشان داد این کاهش در شرایط نگهداری سرد (یخچال) و بسته­بندی در کیسه کاغذی تا نه ماه، در کیسه پارچه ­ای تا شش ماه و بدون­ بسته­بندی تا سه ماه معنی­دار نبود (0/05
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

The Effect of Storage period and Conditions on the Qualitative and microbial characteristics of sesame tolerant to seeds loss

نویسندگان English

Jalal Mohammadzadeh 1
Kamal PayghamZadeh 2
1 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده English

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most ancient and valuable oilseed crops, ranking second in nutritional value after olive oil. After harvest, sesame seeds are typically stored for several months. Storage conditions significantly affect the quantity and quality of the extracted oil as well as the seed quality. Therefore, determining optimal storage conditions to preserve the qualitative characteristics of sesame oil and seeds is crucial for reducing post-harvest losses.  In this study, sesame tolerant to seeds loss samples were stored under two environments (ambient conditions and refrigerated conditions) using three packaging types (unpackaged, cloth bags, and layer paper bags) for twelve months. Every three months, samples were evaluated for acidity, peroxide value, aflatoxin levels, and seed germination percentage using a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design.  The results showed that the effects of storage environment, packaging type, storage duration, and their interactions on the evaluated traits were significant (P < 0.05). While the quality of oil and seeds declined over time, mean comparisons indicated that this decline was not significant (P > 0.05) for up to nine months in refrigerated conditions with paper bags, six months with cloth bags, and three months without packaging. The germination percentage of sesame seeds in cold storage was also significantly higher in all packaging materials and in both storage environments in paper bags throughout the storage period. The results indicated that the optimal storage conditions for sesame seeds, with minimal changes in the qualitative and microbial characteristics, were achieved over nine months in cold conditions using layer paper bags for packaging. 

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Qualitative and microbial characteristics
Storage period and Conditions
Sesame tolerant to seeds loss
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