بررسی خصوصیات فیتوشیمایی زرین‌گیاه (Dracocephalum kotschyi): کاربرد آن به عنوان آنتی‌اکسیدان طبیعی در افزایش پایداری اکسیداتیو کیک فنجانی در طول نگهداری در دمای پایین

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جهرم، صندوق پستی: 74135-111، جهرم، ایران.
2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم و صنایع غذایی، موسسه آموزش عالی خرد، بوشهر، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه علوم و باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جهرم، صندوق پستی: 74135-111، جهرم، ایران.
4 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
10.48311/fsct.2025.83836.0
چکیده
  امروزه تحقیقات زیادی در زمینه استفاده از آنتی­اکسیدان­های طبیعی در مواد غذایی به جای آنتی­اکسیدان­های مصنوعی انجام شده­است. در این پژوهش، اجزای فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی زرین­گیاه با استفاده از کروماتوگرافی مایع با کارایی بالا (HPLC) و کروماتوگرافی گازی/جرمی (GC/MS) شناسایی و تعیین مقدار شد. همچنین اثر غلظت­های مختلف اسانس زرین­گیاه (صفر به عنوان شاهد، 02/0، 05/0 و 1/0 درصد وزن روغن فرمولاسیون) بر پایداری اکسیداتیو، ماندگاری و ویژگی­های حسی کیک فنجانی در طول 4 ماه ماندگاری در دمای پایین (چهار درجه سانتی­گراد) بررسی و با آنتی­اکسیدان مصنوعی TBHQ مقایسه شد. نتایج نشان داد اسانس زرین گیاه حاوی 48 ترکیب معطر بود که مهمترین آنها شامل a-Pinene، Geranial، Limonene و Neral بود. نتایج آنالیز آماری نشان داد اثر غلظت­های مختلف اسانس زرین گیاه و زمان نگهداری کیک فنجانی تاثیر معنی­داری بر متغیرهای وابسته شامل pH، عدد اسیدی، عدد پراکسید، عدد توتوکس، عدد پی-آنیسیدین و قدرت آنتی­اکسیدانی نمونه­ها داشت. در طول نگهداری کیک فنجانی، میزان pH کاهش یافت که احتمالا به دلیل شکستن تری گلیسریدها و تولید اسیدهای چرب آزاد بود. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش غلظت اسانس زرین گیاه، کاهش pH کیک در طول نگهداری کمتر بود. نتایج پایداری اکسیداتیو محتوی روغن کیک فنجانی نشان داد که اسانس زرین گیاه نسبت به آنتی اکسیدان مصنوعی TBHQ توانایی بیشتری در حفظ پایداری اکسیداتیو روغن کیک داشت. علی­رغم ویژگی­های مطلوب اسانس زرین گیاه در حفظ کیفیت و پایداری اکسیداتیو روغن کیک فنجانی، نتایج ارزیابی حسی نشان داد که از نظر مصرف کنندگان، این اسانس تاثیر نامطلوبی بر عطر و طعم کیک فنجانی داشت. با توجه به عملکرد اسانس زرین گیاه بر حفظ پایداری اکسیداتیو روغن کیک فنجانی به نظر می­رسد درصورت استفاده از مقادیر کمتر این اسانس و استفاده از مواد عطر و طعم دهنده طبیعی، تاثیر نامطلوب آن بر ویژگی­های حسی کیک روغنی رفع شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Phytochemical Properties of Zarrin-Giah (Dracocephalum Kotschyi): Application as a Natural Antioxidant to Enhance Oxidative Stability of Cupcakes During Storage at low temperature

نویسندگان English

Abdollah Hematian Sourki 1
Hanieh Pasalar 2
Askar Ghani 3
Farzaneh Kiani 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jahrom University, PO Box: 74135-111, Jahrom, Iran
2 Former M.Sc. in Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Kherad Institute of Higher Education, Bushehr, Iran;
3 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Jahrom University, PO Box: 74135-111, Jahrom, Iran.
4 Former M.Sc. in Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده English

Today, extensive research has been conducted on the use of natural antioxidants in food products as substitutes for synthetic antioxidants. In this study, the phytochemical components of the medicinal plant Zarrin-Giah (Dracocephalum Kotschyi) were identified and quantified using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, the effects of various concentrations of Zarrin-Giah essential oil (0.02%, 0.05%, and 0.1%) on the oxidative stability, shelf life, and sensory characteristics of cupcake over a 4-month storage period were investigated and compared with the synthetic antioxidant tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ). The results indicated that Zarrin-Giah essential oil contained 48 active compounds, with the most significant being a-Pinene, Geranial, Limonene, and Neral. Statistical analysis demonstrated that different concentrations of Zarrin-Giah essential oil and storage time had a significant impact on dependent variables pH, acid value, peroxide value, TOTOX value, p-Anisidine value, and antioxidant capacity of the samples. During the storage period, the pH of the cupcakes decreased, likely due to the breakdown of triglycerides and the production of free fatty acids. The results showed that with an increase in the concentration of Zarrin-Giah essential oil, the decrease in pH of the cupcakes during storage was less pronounced. The oxidative stability results of the cupcake oil content revealed that Zarrin-Giah essential oil had a greater capacity to maintain oxidative stability of the oil compared to the TBHQ. Despite the desirable properties of Zarrin-Giah essential oil in preserving the quality and oxidative stability of cupcake oil, sensory evaluation results indicated that this essential oil adversely affected the aroma and taste of the cupcakes. Considering the strong performance of Zarrin-Giah essential oil in maintaining the oxidative stability of cupcake oil, it seems that using lower amounts of this essential oil and incorporating natural flavoring agents could mitigate its adverse impact on the sensory properties of the cupcakes.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Gas Chromatography
P-Anisidine
TOTOX
Cold Extraction
Weight loss
Polyphenol
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