آلودگی پنیرهای کوزه‌ای محلی عرضه‌شده در شهرستان ارومیه به گونه‌های بروسلا و ارزیابی الگوی مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی جدایه‌ها

نویسندگان
سما غلامعلی 1
مسلم نیریز نقدهی 2
محمدرضا اصغرزاده 3
1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری عمومی دامپزشکی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ارومیه، ایران.
2 گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران
3 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران.
10.22034/FSCT.20.144.169
چکیده
بروسلوز یک بیماری‌ زئونوز مهم می‌باشد. شیر و فرآورده‌های شیر غیرپاستوریزه از منابع اصلی انتقال بروسلا به انسان هستند. تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی میزان آلودگی پنیرهای کوزه‌ای محلی عرضه‌‌شده در شهرستان ارومیه به گونه‌های بروسلا و ارزیابی الگوی مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی جدایه ­ها انجام شد. 50 نمونه پنیر کوزه‌ای گاوی محلی از خرده‌فروشی‌های لبنیات سنتی مناطق مختلف شهرستان ارومیه به‌‌صورت تصادفی و با شرایط سترون در سال 1401 جمع‌آوری شدند. نمونه‌ها، در آب‌گوشت غنی‌سازی بروسلا و سپس در آگار انتخابی بروسلا با مکمل کشت‌‌داده‌‌ شدند. شناسایی مولکولی گونه‌های بروسلا با استفاده از پرایمرهای اختصاصی و با واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمراز (PCR) انجام‌ شد. آزمایش حساسیت ضدمیکروبی روی جدایه‌ها به‌‌روش انتشار دیسک کربی-بائر انجام شد. از میان نمونه‌های آزمایش‌شده، 2 نمونه آلوده به بروسلا (4‌‌ درصد) تشخیص‌داده شدند. یک نمونه به بروسلا آبورتوس بیووار 1، 2 و 4 (2‌‌‌ درصد) و نمونه دیگر به بروسلا ملی‌تنسیس (‌2‌ درصد) آلوده بودند. جدایه‌ها در برابر آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های آزیترومایسین، ایمی‌پنم، داکسی‌سایکلین، ریفامپین، کوتریموکسازول، حساس و در برابر آمپی‌سیلین، آموکسی‌سیلین-‌‌‌کلاوولانیک اسید، تتراسایکلین، جنتامایسین و سفتریاکسون مقاوم بودند. هم‌چنین سویه بروسلا آبورتوس در برابر سیپروفلوکساسین، حساس ولی سویه بروسلا ملی‌تنسیس در برابر آن مقاوم بودند. از طرفی جدایه‌ها ویژگی مقاومت به چند دارو (MDR) نشان دادند. از یافته‌ها می‌توان نتیجه‌گیری نمود که آلودگی به بروسلا در پنیرهای کوزه‌ای محلی عرضه‌‌شده در شهرستان ارومیه پایین می‌باشد؛ ولی نظر به بیماری‌زایی بالای بروسلا ملی‌تنسیس برای انسان، غربال‌گری گاوهای آلوده، مایه‌کوبی گله‌های گوسفند و بز و جلوگیری از عرضه شیر و فرآورده‌های شیر غیرپاستوریزه پیشنهاد می‌گردد. هم‌چنین توصیه می‌گردد آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های آزیترومایسین و ایمی‌پنم توام با سایر آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های رایج در درمان بروسلوز ارزیابی گردند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
آلودگی
پنیر کوزه ای محلی
مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی
گونه‌های بروسلا

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The contamination of local crumbled Kope cheeses distributed in ‎Urmia-Iran with Brucella species and evaluation of the antibiotic-resistant pattern of isolates

نویسندگان English

Sama Gholamali 1
Moslem Neyriz Naghadehi 2
Mohammad Reza Asgharzadeh 3
1 Graduated in Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
2 Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Urmia branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده English

Brucellosis is a momentous zoonotic disease. Unpasteurized milk and milk products are the leading sources of Brucella transmission to humans. The present research was conducted to investigate the contamination of local crumbled Kope cheeses distributed in Urmia city with Brucella species and evaluate the antibiotic-resistance pattern of the isolates. Fifty samples of local cow’s Kope cheese were randomly collected from traditional dairy retailers in different regions of Urmia by sterile conditions in 2022. The samples were cultured in Brucella enrichment broth and then in Brucella selective agar with a supplement. Molecular identification of Brucella spp. was done using specific primers by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing on the isolates was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Among the tested samples, two samples were contaminated with Brucella (4%). One was contaminated with B. abortus bv. 1, 2, and 4 (2%), and the other with B. melitensis (2%). The isolates were sensitive to azithromycin, imipenem, doxycycline, rifampin, and co-trimoxazole antibiotics and were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, tetracycline, gentamicin, and ceftriaxone antibiotics. Also, the B. abortus strain was sensitive to ciprofloxacin, but the B. melitensis strain was resistant. The isolates showed multi-drug resistance (MDR) characteristics. From the findings, it can be concluded that Brucella contamination in local Kope cheeses distributed in Urmia city is low; However, due to the high pathogenicity of B. melitensis for humans, it is recommended to screen infected cows, vaccinate sheep and goat herds, and prevent the supply of unpasteurized milk and milk products. It is also recommended to evaluate azithromycin and imipenem antibiotics along with other common antibiotics in brucellosis.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Antibiotic resistance
Brucella species
Contamination
Crumbled Kope cheese
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