بررسی ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی پنیر فراپالوده‌ی سین‌بیوتیک حاوی پودر آب‌پنیر فراپالایش املاح‌گیری شده و لاکتولوز طی مدت نگهداری

نویسندگان
گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، دانشکده علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان
چکیده
پنیر سفید فراپالایش، نسل نسبتاً جدیدی از پنیرهای سفید است که با کمک فرایند اولترافیلتراسیون تولید می­شود. این پنیر دارای بافتی نرم و مالش­پذیر بوده و پس از گذشت مدت کوتاه رسیدگی وارد بازار می­شود. لاکتولوز، یک ماده پری­بیوتیک است که علاوه بر تأثیر مثبت بر رشد باکتری­های پروبیوتیک، اثر سلامتی­بخشی آن بر سلامت انسان تأیید شده است. در این تحقیق، برای تولید پنیر سین­بیوتیک، از پودر آب­پنیر فراپالایش (پرمیت) با املاح کاهش یافته (DUWP) در سه سطح ٠، ١ و ٢ درصد، لاکتولوز در دو سطح ٠ و ١ درصد و از باکتری بیفیدوباکتریوم بیفیدوم به عنوان باکتری پروبیوتیک استفاده گردید. نمونه­های تولید­شده از نظر خواص فیزیکوشیمیایی شامل pH، اسیدیته، رطوبت، سینرسیس، چربی، پروتئین، و نسبت نیتروژن محلول در آب به نیتروژن کل در مدت ٦٠ روز در دمای ٤ درجۀ سانتی­گراد ارزیابی شدند. یافته­ها حاکی از آن بود که افزودن DUWP و لاکتولوز به­غیر از پروتئین بر سایر ویژگی­های مورد بررسی معنی­دار بود. مدت زمان نگهداری نیز بر تمامی ویژگی­های فیزیکوشیمیایی مورد بررسی اثر معنی­داری داشت (٠١/٠>P). براساس نتایج این تحقیق مشخص گردید که بهترین نمونه با استفاده از غلظت 1 درصد از هر یک از پودرهای لاکتولوز و DUWP به­دست می­آید
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Study on the Physicochemical Properties of Synbiotic UF-Cheese Containing demineralized Ultrafiltrated Whey powder and lactulose During Storage Period

نویسندگان English

Ghazal Nosrati
Hossein Jooyandeh
Mohammad Hojjati
Mohammad Noshad
Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
چکیده English

Ultrafiltrated (UF)-white cheese is almost a new generation of white-cheeses that is produced throughout ultrafiltration process. This cheese has a soft and spreadable texture and is distributed in the market after a short storage period. Lactulose is a prebiotic compound that in addition to its positive effect on the growth of probiotic bacteria, its beneficial health effects on human well-being is proved. In the current research, synbiotic cheese samples were produced with the usage of demineralized ultrafiltrated whey powder (DUWP) at 3 levels of 0, 1 and 2%, lactulose at 2 levels of 0 and 1%, and bifidobacterium bifidum as probiotic bacteria. Experimental samples were analyzed and tested for physicochemical analysis including pH, acidity, moisture, syneresis, fat, protein and soluble nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio (TSN/TN) during 60 days of storage at 4 ◦C. Results revealed that addition of DUWP and lactulose, except for protein, had significant effects on the other tested parameters. In addition, the time of storage period had noticeable impact on all the examined physicochemical properties (P<0.01). Based on the results of this study, it was found that the best UF-white synbiotic cheese could be produced with the usage of 1% of each DUWP and lactulose powders.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Ultrafiltrated cheese
Synbiotic
Bifidobacterium bifidum
DUWP
Storage period
Jooyandeh, H. 2022. Application of enzymes in dairy products. 1st ed., Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University Press. (In Persian)
Ghoddusi, H.B., Habibi Najafi, M.B., Mazaheri Tehrani, M., and Razavi, M.A. 2004. Feta and related cheeses. 2nd ed., Mashhad University Press. (Translation), 157-155. (In Persian)
Vigne, J.D. 2011. The origins of animal domestication and husbandry: A major change in the history of humanity and the biosphere. Comptes Rendus Biologies. 334(3), 171–181.
Mistry, V.V. and Maubois, J.L. 2017. Application of Membrane Separation Technology to Cheese Production. Cheese: Chemistry, Physics and Microbiology. 27, 677-697.
Karami, M., Ehsani, M.R., Mousavi, M. A., Rezaei, K. A. and Safari, M. 2009. The effect of ripening time on fatty acid profile, microstructure and sensory properties of UF feta cheese. Iranian Journal of Biosystem Engineering. 40(1), 101-110. (In Persian)
Doyon, M. and Labrecque, J.A. 2008. Functional foods: A conceptual definition. British Food Journal. 110(11), 1133-1149.
Tayibi Moghadam, S. and Ehsani, M.R. 2019. Comparison of the effect of inulin extracted from native chicory root with commercial inulin on the viability of probiotics and the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of synbiotic mast. Food Science and Industry. 17(99), 1-16.
Rodrigues, D., Rocha-Santos, T.A.P., Pereira, C.I., Gomes, A.N., Malcata, F.Z. and Freitas, A.C. 2011. The potential effect of FOS and inulin upon probiotic bacterium performance in curdled milk matrices. Journal food science and Technology. 44, 100-108.
Rostamabadi, H., Jooyandeh, H. & Hojjati M. 2016. Optimization of Iranian low-fat cheese with addition of Persian and almond gums as fat replacers by Response Surface Methodology. Research and Innovation in Food Science and Technology, 5(3), 235-248. (In Persian)
Torabi, F., Jooyandeh, H. and Noshad, M. 2021. Evaluation of physicochemical, rheological, microstructural, and microbial characteristics of synbiotic ultrafiltrated white cheese treated with transglutaminase. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 45(4), 1-11.
Bulut Solak, B. and Akin, N. 2012. Health Benefits of Whey Protein: A Review. Journal of Food Science and Engineering. 2, 129-137.
Jooyandeh, H., Minhas, K.S., and Kaur, A. 2009. Sensory quality and chemical composition of wheat breads supplemented with fermented whey protein concentrate and whey permeate. Journal Food Science and Technology. 46(2), 146-148.
Alimoradi, F., Hojati, E., Jooyandeh, H., Zehni-Moghadam, S.A.H. and Moludi, J. 2016. Whey proteins: Health benefits and food applications. Journal of International Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 9(2), 63-73.
Beidaghi, M., and Movassagh, M. H. 2019. The effect of adding ewe's cheese whey on the quality of kefir drink. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 16(93), 135-142. (In Persian).
Danesh, E., Goudarzi, M., and Jooyandeh, H. 2017. Effect of whey protein addition and transglutaminase treatment on the physical and sensory properties of reduced-fat ice cream. Journal of Dairy Science. 100, 5206–5211.
Jooyandeh, H. 2020. Evaluation of physical and sensory properties of Iranian Lavash flat bread supplemented with precipitated whey protein (PWP). African Journal of Agriculture and Food Security. 8(2), 1-7.
Jooyandeh, H. 2009. Effect of fermented whey protein concentrate on texture of Iranain white cheese. Journal of Texture Studies. 40(5), 497-510.
Kouravand, F., Jooyandeh, H., Barzegar, H. and Hojjati, M. 2018. Characterization of cross‐linked whey protein isolate‐based films containing Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad essential oil. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 42(3), e13557, 1-10.
Balthazar, C.F., Silva, H.L.A., Cavalcanti, R.N., Esmerino, E.A., Cappato, L.P., Abud, Y.K.D., et al. 2017. Prebiotics addition in sheep milk ice cream: A rheological, microstructural and sensory study. Journal of Functional Foods. 35, 564-573.
Nicholson, J. K., Holmes, E., Kinross, J., Burcelin, R., Gibson, G., Jia, W., and Petterson, S. 2012. Host‐gut microbiota metabolic interactions. Science. 336, 1262-1267.
Nooshkam, M., Babazadeh A., and Jooyandeh, H. 2018. Lactulose: Properties, techno-functional food applications, and food grade delivery system. Trends in Food Science and Technology. 80, 23-34.
Jirsarai, B., Fadai, V. and Noghani, R. 2015. The effect of inulin and lactulose on the survival of Lactobacillus casei and the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of probiotic ultra-refined feta cheese. Food science and nutrition. 14(1), 46-35.
Momenzadeh, S., Jooyandh, H., Alizadeh Behbahani, B., and Barzegar, H. 2021. Evaluation of physicochemical and sensory properties of half-fat synbiotic stirred yogurt containing Panirak (Malva neglecta) and lactulose. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 18(120), 353-363. (In Persian)
Jooyandeh, H., Danesh, E., & Goudarzi, M. 2017. Influence of Transglutaminase Treatment on Proteolysis and Lipolysis of Low-Fat White-Brined Cheese Incorporated with Whey Proteins during Ripening. Journal of Food Technology and Nutrition, 15(4), 31–44. (In Persian)
AOAC. 2005. Official Methods of Analysis. 18th ed, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.
Egan, H., Kirk, R. S. and Sawyer, R. 1981. Pearson’s Chemical Analysis of Foods. eighth edition, Journal of Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 7(5), 497-499.
Kuchroo, C. N. and Fox, P. F. 1982. Soluble nitrogen in cheddar cheese: comparison of extraction procedures. Milchwissenschaft. 37, 331-335.
Oliveira, R.P.D.S., Florence, A.C.R., Perego, P., De Oliveira, M.N. and Converti, A. 2011. Use of lactulose as prebiotic and its influence on the growth, acidification profile and viable counts of different probiotics in fermented skim milk. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 145(1), 22-27.
Buriti, F.V.C.A., Cardarelli, H.S.R., Filisetti, T. M.C.C. and Saad, S.M.I. 2007. Synbiotic potential of fresh cream cheese supplemented with inulin and Lactobacillus paracasei in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophiles. Food Chemistry. 104, 1605–1610.
Cardarellia, H.S.R., Buritia, F.C.A., Castrob, I.A. and Saad, S.M.L. 2008. Inulin and oligofructose improve sensory quality and increase the probiotic viable count in potentially synbiotic petit-suisse cheese. LWT- Food Science and technology. 41(6), 1037-1046.
Abd-Rabou, H.S., ElZiney, M.G. Awad, S.M., Sobhy A El Sohaimy, S.A. and Dabour, N.A. 2016. Impact of Probiotic and Synbiotic Supplementation on the Physicochemical, Texture and Sensory Characteristics of Wheyless Domiati-Like Cheese. MOJ Food Processing and Technology. 3(3), 1-10.
Aghajani, A.R., Pourahmad, R. and Mahdavi Adeli, H. 2011. The Effect of Prebiotics on Probiotic Yogurt Containing Lactobacillus casei. Food Technology and Nutrition. 8(4), 73-83.
Islam, M., Alharbi, M.A., Alharbi, N.K., Rafiq, S., Shahbaz, M., Murtaza, S., Raza, N., Farooq, U., Ali, M., Imran, M. and et al. 2022. Effect of Inulin on Organic Acids and Microstructure of Synbiotic Cheddar-Type Cheese Made from Buffalo Milk. Molecules. 27, 1-12.
Sarwar, A., Aziz, T., Al-Dalali, S., Zhao, X., Zhang, J., ud Din, J., Chen, Ch., Cao, Y., and Yang, Zh. 2013. Physicochemical and Microbiological Properties of Synbiotic Yogurt Made with Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces boulardii in Combination with Inulin. Foods. 8(10), 468-488.
Khosrowshahi. A., Madadlou, A., Ebrahim Zadeh Mousavi, M., and EmamDjomeh, Z. 2006. Monitoring the Chemical and Textural Cheese During Ripening of Iranian White Cheese Made with Different Concentration of Starter. Journal Dairy Science. 89(9), 3318-3325.
Alves, L.L., Richards, N.S.P.S., Mattanna, P., Andrade, D.F., Rezer, A.P.S., Milani, L.I.G., Cruz, A.G. and Faria, J.A.F. 2012. Cream cheese as a symbiotic food carrier using Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and inulin. International Journal of Dairy Technology. 65(1), 63-69.
Jooyandeh, H., Mortazavi, S.A., Farhang, P. and Samavati, V. 2015. Physicochemical properties of set -style yoghurt as effect by microbial transglutaminase and milk solids contents. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences. 4(11S), 59 -67.
Jooyandeh, H. and Minhas, K.S. 2009. Effect of addition of fermented whey protein concentrate on cheese yield and fat and protein recoveries of Feta cheese. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 46(3), 221-224.
Tamime, A.Y. and Robinson, R.K. 2007. Tamime and Robinson's Yoghurt: Science and Technology. A volume in Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. 1-20.
Zisu, B., and Shah, N. P. 2005. Textural and functional changes in low-fat Mozzarella cheeses in relation to proteolysis and microstructure as influenced by the use of fat replacers, pre-acidification and EPS starter. International Dairy Journal. 15(6), 957-972.
Olfa, B.M., Marwa, M., Moncef, C., Mouna, B. and Mnasser, H. 2019. The combined effect of phytosterols and lactulose supplementation on yoghurt quality. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 7(4), 261-269.
Hassan, L.K., Haggag, H.F., ElKalyoubi, M.H., Abd EL -Aziz, M., El -Sayed, M.M. and Sayed, A.F. 2015. Physico -chemical properties of yoghurt containing cress seed mucilage or guar gum. Annals of Agricultural Sciences. 60(1), 21 -28.
Ghasempour, Z., Alizadeh, M. and Bari, M.R. 2012. Optimisation of probiotic yoghurt production containing Zedo gum. International Journal of Dairy Technology. 65(1), 118 -125.
Dybing, S. T. & Smith, D. E. 1998. The Ability of Phosphates or κ-Carrageenan to Coagulate Whey Proteins and the Possible Uses of Such Coagula in Cheese Manufacture1. Journal of dairy science, 81(2), 309-317.
Rudan, M.A., Barbano, D.M., Joseph yun, J. and Kindstedt, P.S. 1999. Effect of
Fat Reduction on Chemical Composition, Proteolysis, Functionality, and Yield of Mozzarella Cheese. Journal Dairy Science. 82, 661-672.
Danesh, E., Goudarzi, M., and Jooyandeh, H. 2018. Transglutaminase-mediated incorporation of whey protein as fat replacer into the formulation of reduced-fat Iranian white cheese: physicochemical, rheological and microstructural characterization. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization. 12(4): 2416-2425.
Jooyandeh, H., Rostamabadi, H., and Hojjati, M. 2017. Effect of Persian and almond gums as fat replacers on the physicochemical, rheological, and microstructural attributes of low-fat Iranian White cheese. Food Science and Nutrition. 14(3), 669-677.
Zalazar, C. A., Zalazar, C. S., Bernal, S., Bertola, N., Bevilacqua, A., and Zaritzky, N. 2002. Effect of moisture level and fat replacer on physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low fat soft cheeses. International Dairy Journal. 12(1), 45-50.
Barbosa, I.C., Oliveira, M.E.G., Madruga, M.S., Gullón, B., Pacheco, M.T.B., Ana M. P. et al. 2016. Influence of the addition of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-05, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb-12 and inulin on the technological, physicochemical, microbiological and sensory features of creamy goat cheese. Food Function. 7(10), 4356-4371.
Cruz, A. G.; Buriti, C.; Souza, C. B. H.; Faria, J. A. F. and Saad, S. M. I. 2009. Probiotic cheese: health benefits, technological and stability aspects. Trends in Food Science and Technology. 20(8), 344–354.
El, B. and Azza, M. 2013. The use of inulin as a dietary fiber in the production of symbiotic Uf-Soft cheese. Journal of Food and Dairy Science. 4 (12), 663 – 677.
Da Silveira, E.O., Jose H. Lopes Neto, J.H., da Silva, L.A., Raposo, A.E.S. Marciane Magnani, M. and Cardarelli, H.R. 2015. The effects of inulin combined with oligofructose and goat cheese whey on the physicochemical properties and sensory acceptance of a probiotic chocolate goat dairy beverage. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 62(1), 445-451.
Torabi, F., Jooyandeh, H., Noshad, M. & Barzegar, H. (2019). Modeling and Optimization of Physicochemical and Organoleptical Properties and Lactobacillus acidophilus Viability in Ultrafiltrated Synbiotic Cheese, Containing Microbial Transglutaminase Enzyme, Whey and Inulin. Research and Innovation in Food Science and Technology, 8(2), 137-150. (In Persian)