بهینه سازی شرایط تولید کربوکسی متیل سلولز از هسته خرما

نویسندگان
سیده پریناز مبصری 1
معصومه مهربان سنگ آتش 2
حسین ثابت سروستانی 3
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، موسسه آموزش عالی جهاد دانشگاهی، کاشمر، کاشمر، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه پژوهشی کیفیت و ایمنی مواد غذایی، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری مواد غذایی جهاددانشگاهی، مشهد، ایران
3 عضو، گروه پژوهشی افزودنی‌ های غذایی، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری مواد غذایی جهاددانشگاهی، مشهد، ایران
10.22034/FSCT.19.131.373
چکیده
هسته خرما یکی از عمده­ترین ضایعات کشاورزی و مصارف صنعتی خرما می­باشد. هسته خرما در ایران اغلب به عنوان ضایعات دور ریخته شده و یا برای مصارف خوراک دام استفاده می­شود. در این پژوهش هسته خرما مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و محصول با ارزش کربوکسی متیل سلولز با درصد خلوص بالا از آن تولید شد. ترکیبات اصلی تشکیل دهنده هسته خرما سلولز، همی­ سلولز و لیگنین آن هستند که این مجموعه ساختار فیبری مستحکمی را تشکیل می­دهند. در این پژوهش سلولز با تیمار سدیم هیدروکسید و سدیم کلریت از پودر هسته خرما استخراج شد. سلولز استخراجی با استفاده از دو فرایند آلکالی سلولز و اتری سلولز تبدیل به CMC شد. جهت بررسی ساختار CMC از SEM استفاده شد، که حذف ناخالصی­های سطحی الیاف و شکل کروی متورم الیاف نشان دهنده مناسب بودن روش استفاده شده بوده است. برای شناسایی گروه­های کربوکسی متیلی جایگزین شده بر روی سلولز، از طیف­سنجیFTIR استفاده شد که پیک­های موجود در عدد موج های 1425 و 1612 بر سانتی­ متر، جایگزینی را تایید می­ کند. نتایج بهینه­ سازی نشان داد که در شرایط غلظت سدیم هیدروکسید 799/29%، نسبت وزنی سدیم مونوکلرواستیک اسید به سلولز برابر 1، دمای 68 درجه سلسیوس و زمان واکنش 158 دقیقه، بالاترین مقدار درجه استخلاف و درجه خلوص و بازده به دست می­آید که این بالاترین درجه استخلاف و درجه خلوص و بازده به ترتیب مقادیر 97/0، 99/97 و 80/166 درصد می­ باشند. همچنین ویسکوزیته محلوCMC 3 درصد در آب با سرعت 50 دور در دقیقه برابر با 93/347 میلی پاسکال ثانیه به دست آمد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
هسته خرما
سدیم هیدروکسید
سدیم مونوکلرواستیک اسید
سلولز
کربوکسی متیل سلولز

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Optimization of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) production conditions from palm kernel

نویسندگان English

Seyedeh Parinaz Mobasseri 1
Masoomeh Mehraban Sangatash 2
Hossein Sabet Sarvestani 3
1 Department of Food Science and Technology, ACECR Kashmar Higher Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran
2 Department of Food Quality and Safety, Food Science and Technology Research Institute, ACECR Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
3 Department of Food Additives, Food Science and Technology Research Institute, ACECR Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده English

Palm kernel is one of the major agricultural wastes and industrial uses of dates. Palm kernels in Iran are often disposed of as waste or used for animal feed. In this research, this low value material was investigated and a product with a high purity value of carboxymethylcellulose was produced from it. Palm kernels contain about 63% cellulose. Cellulose along with hemicellulose and lignin are its main constituents, which form a strong fibrous structure. In this study, cellulose was extracted from palm kernel powder by treating sodium hydroxide and sodium chlorite. The extracted cellulose was converted to CMC using two processes: alkaline cellulose and ether cellulose. SEM was used to study the structure of CMC, which removed the surface impurities of the fibers and the swollen spherical shape of the fibers indicated the suitability of the method used. To identify the carboxymethyl groups substituted on cellulose, FTIR spectroscopy was used, which confirms the peaks in the wave numbers of 1425 and 1612 / cm. The optimization results showed that at a concentration of 29.799% sodium hydroxide, the weight ratio of sodium monochloroacetic acid to cellulose was 1, temprature 68 ° C and a reaction time of 158 min, the highest degree of substitution and purity and efficiency were obtained. It turns out that these highest degrees of extraction and degree of purity and efficiency are 0.97, 97.99 and 166.80%, respectively. Also, the viscosity of 3% CMC solution in water at 50 rpm was 347.93 ms.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Palm kernel
Sodium hydroxide
Sodium monochloroacetic acid
Cellulose
Carboxymethylcellulose
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