تاثیر اسمز و پیش تیمارهای آنزیم بری و فراصوت بر خروج ترکیبات موثره از گیاه دارویی آویشن

نویسندگان
شادی بصیری
فرزاد غیبی
استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی مشهد
10.52547/fsct.19.123.69
چکیده
در این پژوهش با استفاده از گیاه دارویی آویشن بدون استفاده از حرارت به روش اسمزی، محلول قندی با حداکثر ترکیبات موثره تولید شد. اثرات دما (25، 35 و 45 درجه سلسیوس)، غلظت محلول اسمزی ساکارز (40، 50 و 60 درصد) و زمان نمونه­برداری (15، 30، 60، 90، 120، 180، 240 و 360 دقیقه)، بر میزان خروج مواد موثره از گیاه و ایجاد تغییر در مقادیر pH و ضریب هدایت­الکتریکی (EC) مطالعه شدند. سپس تاثیر پیش­تیمارهای آنزیم­زدایی با آب­گرم (30، 60، 120 و 180 ثانیه) و فراصوت در (صفر، 15 و30 دقیقه) بر فرآیند اسمزی به صورت مجزا بررسی شدند. بیشترین EC مربوط به محلول اسمزی با غلظت 40 درصد ساکارز و دمای 45 درجه سلسیوس و کمترین آن متعلق به محلول اسمزی با غلظت 60 درصد و دمای 45 درجه سلسیوس بود. انجام فرایند آنزیم­زدایی قبل از اسمز منجر به افزایش پارامتر‌های pH و EC گردید. آنزیم­زدایی 30 ثانیه، بیشترین افزایش را بر EC داشت. فرآصوت باعث افزایش مقادیرpH و EC در نمونه‌های تیمار شده با 30 دقیقه فراصوت نسبت به 15 دقیقه بود. مقایسه نتایج کروماتوگرافی نمونه‌های شاهد و نمونه حاوی عصاره گیاه آویشن در محلول ساکارز، نشان‌دهنده خروج مواد موثره قطبی و غیر‌قطبی در محلول اسمزی به طور هم­زمان بود. خروج ترکیبات مختلف در طول زمان نشان‌دهنده تفاوت در سرعت خروج آنها در طی فرآیند اسمز بود. جمع بندی نتایج نشان می‌دهد که استخراج مواد موثره گیاهان دارویی با فرآیند اسمز امکان­پذیر بوده به طوری که،pH و EC را در طول زمان تغییر می­دهد. محصول این روش می تواند در تولید شربت های نوشیدنی و مواد غذایی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. در این روش آسیب‌های سایر روش های استخراج مواد موثره مانند استخراج با حلال، استفاده از حرارت در استخراج و خشک کردن گیاهان دارویی و همچنین روش های تقطیر و اسانس گیری به حداقل می رسد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
آویشن
استخراج
مواد موثره
آنزیم بری
هدایت الکتریکی

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The effect of osmosis and blanching and ultrasound pretreatments on extraction of effective compounds from Thyme

نویسندگان English

SHADI Basiri
Farzad Gheybi
Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده English

In this study, using thyme medicinal plant without using heat by osmotic method, sugar solution with maximum active ingredients was produced. Effects of temperature (25, 35 and 45 degrees Celsius), sucrose osmotic solution concentration (40, 50 and 60%) and sampling time (15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 360 minutes) on the amount The removal of active ingredients from the plant and the change in pH values and electrical conductivity (EC) were evaluated. Then the effect of blanching with hot water in (30, 60, 120 and 180 seconds) and ultrasound (0, 15 and 30 minutes) on the osmotic processing were investigated separately. The highest EC was in the solution with 40% sucrose concentration and 45°C and the lowest was in osmotic solution with 60% concentration and 45°C. Blanching before osmosis resulted in increased pH and EC. Blanching for 30 seconds caused the greatest increase in EC. Treatment with 30 minutes ultrasound increased the pH and EC in samples compared to 15 minutes of ultrasound. The chromatographic results of the control samples and the sample containing thyme extract in sucrose solution showed the release of polar and non-polar active compounds in the osmotic solution. The release of different compounds showed a difference in their release rate during the osmosis process. Finally the results showed that the extraction of active ingredients of medicinal plants was possible by osmosis process, so that the pH and EC changed over time. The product of this research can be used in the production of beverage syrups and food. In this method, the damages of other methods of extraction of effective substances such as solvent extraction, use of heat in extraction and drying of medicinal plants such as distillation and essential oil extraction methods are minimized.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Thyme
Extraction
Effective Compounds
Blanching
Electrical conductivity
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