ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی و حسی عسل‌های تولیدی در استان کردستان

نویسندگان
آریو امامی فر 1
سحر حسین پناهی 2
1 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان
2 گروه صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد سنندج، سنندج
10.52547/fsct.17.102.69
چکیده
ویژگی‌های شیمیایی (رطوبت، pH، اسیدیته، قندهای احیاءکننده، ساکارز، خاکستر، نسبت فروکتوز به گلوکز، هدایت الکتریکی و هیدروکسی متیل فورفورال)، بیوشیمیایی (فعالیت دیاستازی، فنل کل و فعالیت ضد اکسایشی)، فیزیکی (ویسکوزیته و رنگ) و حسی (رنگ، عطر و بو، طعم، بافت و پذیرش کلی) 108 نمونه عسل سه شهرستان سنندج، سقز و قروه استان کردستان بررسی و با استاندارد ملی ایران مقایسه شد. عسل شهرستان سقز نسبت به عسل شهرستان‌های سنندج و قروه، بیشترین ویسکوزیته (035/93 پاسکال ثانیه)، pH (معادل 15/4)، خاکستر (107/0 درصد)، ساکارز (86/1 درصد)، نسبت فروکتوز به گلوکز (26/1)، هدایت الکتریکی (36/0 میلی‌زیمنس بر سانتی‌متر)، هیدروکسی متیل فورفورال (26/9 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم عسل) و تیرگی (32=L) و کمترین اسیدیته (22/25 میلی‌اکی والان در کیلوگرم عسل)، رطوبت (96/13درصد)، فعالیت دیاستازی (3/11 واحد دیاستاز)، ترکیبات فنلی (36/48 میلی گرم اسید گالیک در 100 گرم عسل)، فعالیت ضد اکسایشی (69/58 درصد) و قند‌های احیاء کننده (9/74 درصد) را نشان داد (p <0.05). عسل شهرستان سنندج در مقایسه با بقیه، بیشترین قندهای احیاءکننده (09/79 درصد)، رطوبت (42/14درصد)، اسیدیته (35/29 میلی اکی‌والان در کیلوگرم عسل)، فعالیت دیاستازی (26/15 واحد دیاستاز) و کمترین ساکارز (1/1 درصد)، ویسکوزیته (837/60 پاسکال ثانیه)، pH (معادل 87/3)، خاکستر(095/0 درصد)، نسبت فروکتوز به گلوکز (16/1)، هدایت الکتریکی (22/0 میلی‌زیمنس بر سانتی‌متر)، هیدروکسی متیل فورفورال (63/5 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم عسل)، ترکیبات فنلی (22/34 میلی گرم اسید گالیک در 100 گرم عسل)، فعالیت ضد‌اکسایشی (23/41 درصد) و تیرگی (46=L) را داشت (p <0.05). همچنین عسل سقز، قروه و سنندج به ترتیب بالاترین امتیاز ویژگی‌های حسی را از ارزیاب‌ها دریافت نمودند (p <0.05). با توجه به اینکه عسل شهرستان‌های سنندج، سقز و قروه استان کردستان از نظر خواص فیزیکوشیمیایی در محدوده استاندارد ایران و کدکس قرار داشت، لذا می‌توان کیفیت عسل این مناطق را به عنوان عسل استاندارد و مطلوب مورد تایید قرار داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عسل
خواص فیزیکو شیمیایی
استان کردستان

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Physicochemical and sensorial properties of honeys produced at Kurdistan Province

نویسندگان English

aryou emamifar 1
Sahar Hossainpanahi 2
1 Buali Sina University
2 azad university of sanandaj
چکیده English

Chemical (moisture content, pH, acidity, reducing and non-reducing sugars, ash, fructose to glucose ratio, electrical conductivity, and Hydroxymethylfurfural content), biochemical (Diastase activity, total phenol contents and antioxidant activity), physical (viscosity and color) and sensory properties (color, odor, taste, texture and overall) of 108 honey samples of Saghez, Sanandaj and Qorveh at Kurdistan province, were evaluated and compared with national standard of Iran. The honey collected from Saghez compared with Sanandaj and Qorveh showed the highest viscosity (93.035 Pa.s), pH (4.15), ash (% 0.107), sucrose content (% 1.86), Fructose/Glucose (1.26), electrical conductivity (0.36 ms/cm), HMF (9.26 mg/kg honey) and L value (32) and the lowest acidity (25.22 meq/kg honey), moisture content (% 13.96), diastase activity (11.3 DN), total phenol content (48.36 mg Gallic acid/100 gram honey), antioxidant activity (% 58.69) and reducing sugars (% 74.9) (p <0.05). The highest reducing sugar (% 79.09), moisture content (% 14.42), acidity (29.35 meq/kg honey), diastase activity (15.26 DN) and the lowest sucrose (% 1.1), viscosity (60.837 Pa.s), pH (3.87), ash (% 0.095), Fructose/Glucose (1.16), electrical conductivity (0.22 ms/cm), HMF (5.63 mg/kg honey), total phenol content (34.22 mg Gallic acid/100 gram honey), antioxidant activity (% 41.23) and L value (46) were determined in honey from Sanandaj as compared to the others (p <0.05). Moreover, the honey collected from Saghez, Qorveh and Sanandaj received the highest scores in sensory properties from panelist, respectively (p <0.05). Since the physicochemical properties of honey from Kurdistan province in Sanandaj, Saghez and Qurve were in accordance with the national standard of Iran and Codex Standard, so they could be accepted as desired product.


کلیدواژه‌ها English

honey
Physicochemical properties
Kurdistan province
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