بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف زنجبیل و آب ماست بر خصوصیات فیزیکی-شیمیایی و حسی هویج تخمیری

نویسندگان
فاطمه ژانداری 1
فخری شهیدی 2
محمدجواد وریدی 2
فریده طباطبایی یزدی 2
محمدرضا عدالتیان دوم 3
سحر روشنک 4
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 استاد گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
3 دانشیار گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
4 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
10.29252/fsct.16.96.27
چکیده
تخمیر، از قدیمی‌ترین روش‌های فراوری و نگهداری مواد غذایی بوده و براساس فعالیت زیستی میکروارگانیسم‌ها در جهت بهبود ویژگی­های حسی، ارگانولپتیکی و تغذیه­ای مواد غذایی و تولید متابولیت­هایی با قابلیت ممانعت کنندگی از رشد فلور میکروبی نامطلوب در مواد غذایی، صورت می‌گیرد. در نتیجه فراورده‌های تخمیری معمولا دارای زمان ماندگاری بالاتری نسبت به مواد خام بوده و اثرات مثبتی بر سلامتی دارند. در این پژوهش اثر افزودن زنجبیل در سطوح 4 و 8 درصد و آب ماست به میزان صفر و 3 درصد بر ویژگی‌های شیمیایی، میکروبی و حسی هویج تخمیری طی زمان‌های صفر، 4، 8، 16، 24 و 32 روز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد با افزودن 4 درصد زنجبیل، pH، شمارش کپک و مخمر و شاخص L* کاهش؛ اما میزان اسیدیته، شمارش کلی، شمارش باکتری‌های اسیدلاکتیک، شاخص‌های رنگی a* و b* و پذیرش کلی افزایش یافت. در مقابل، افزودن 8 درصد زنجبیل تأثیر منفی بر شاخص‌های مورد بررسی داشت و سبب کاهش پذیرش کلی و شمارش باکتری‌های اسیدلاکتیک شد. افزودن آب ماست در سطح 3 درصد، منجر به کاهش pH، شمارش کپک و مخمر و شاخص L* و افزایش اسیدیته، شمارش کلی، شاخص‌های رنگی a* و b* و پذیرش کلی شد. در نمونه‌ی فاقد آب ماست و زنجبیل از ابتدا تا انتهای دوره‌ی نگهداری، به‌طور پیوسته میزان pH، شمارش کلی و شمارش کپک و مخمر افزایش و میزان اسیدیته و پذیرش کلی کاهش یافت. در حالی که در نمونه‌های حاوی زنجبیل و آب ماست، با افزایش زمان تخمیر تا روز شانزدهم‌ میزان pH و شمارش کپک و مخمر کاهش و شمارش کلی، باکتری‌های اسیدلاکتیک، اسیدیته و پذیرش کلی افزایش یافت. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، استفاده از 4 درصد زنجبیل، 3 درصد آب ماست و زمان تخمیر شانزده روز برای افزایش زمان ماندگاری و تعداد باکتری‌های اسیدلاکتیک و بهبود ویژگی‌های حسی هویج تخمیری، توصیه می‌گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
هویج
تخمیر
زنجبیل
آب ماست
زمان ماندگاری

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of the Different Levels of Ginger and Yoghurt Whey on Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Fermented Carrot

نویسندگان English

Fatemeh Zhandari 1
fakhri shahidi 2
Mohammad Javad Varidi 2
Farideh Tabatabaei yazdi 2
Mohammad Reze Edalatian Dovom 3
Sahar Roshanak 4
1 Department of Food Science & Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Food Science & Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Food Science & Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4 Ph.D. student, Department of Food Science & Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده English

Fermentation is one of the oldest techniques in food preservation, this process is defined as the biological activity of microorganisms to improve sensory, organoleptic and nutritional properties and produce a range of metabolites that inhibit the growth of unwanted microbial flora. As a result, fermented products have a shelf life substantially higher than raw materials and also have very beneficial effects on health. In this research, ginger in 4 and 8 % levels and yogurt whey in 0 and 3 % levels, were added to the carrots and evaluated during of 0,4, 8, 16, 24 and 32 days of fermentation. The results showed that by adding 4% ginger, pH, mold and yeast count and L* index decreased, acidity, total count, lactic acid count, a* and b* color indexes and overall acceptance increased. In contrast, the addition of 8% ginger had a negative effect on the studied parameters and decreased the overall acceptance and enumeration of lactic acid bacteria. Addition of yogurt (3%) decreased pH, mold and yeast count and L* index, but increased acidity, total count also color indices a* and b* and overall acceptance. In the non-yogurt and non-ginger sample from the beginning to the end of the storage period, pH, total count and mold and yeast counts increased steadily, and overall acidity and acceptance decreased. Whereas in the samples containing ginger and yogurt, the pH and count of mold and yeast decreased as the fermentation time increased to the 16th day and overall count increased, lactic acid bacteria, acidity and total acceptance. According to the results of this study, using 4% ginger, 3% yogurt and 16 days fermentation time to increase shelf life and lactic acid bacteria and improve the sensory characteristics of fermented carrots.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Carrots
Fermentation
Ginger
Yogurt Whey
shelf life
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