بررسی تغییرات عصاره متانولی بذر خار مریم در شرایط تنش خشکی

نویسندگان
راحله قنبری محب سراج 1
مسعود توحیدفر 2
مهدی بهنامیان 3
اسدالله احمدی خواه 2
سارا دژستان 3
1 دانشجوی دکترا دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
3 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
10.52547/fsct.17.109.103
چکیده
محتوای ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی گیاهان دارویی شامل فنل­های کل، فلاونوئیدها، ترکیبات اسیدهای چرب و غیره عمدتا تحت تاثیر تنش خشکی واقع می شوند. در این پژوهش، اثر سطوح مختلف تنش آبی (آبیاری کامل درحد ظرفیت زراعی، آبیاری درحد 70درصد ظرفیت زراعی و آبیاری درحد 40درصد ظرفیت زراعی) بر میزان ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی خارمریم مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. اندازه گیری رطوبت خاک به روش وزنی انجام شد و تنش خشکی در مرحله گلدهی به مدت 8 روز به گیاهان اعمال شد. سپس روغن گیری از بذور گیاهان به روش سوکسله و عصاره­گیری به روش متانول صورت گرفت. در مرحله بعد ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی عصاره با استفاده از دستگاه GC-MS آنالیز شد. آنالیز پیک­های GC-MS حاکی از وجود 20 ترکیب در عصاره متانولی خارمریم بود. بیشترین ترکیب مشاهده شده در تیمارهای آبیاری در حد ظرفیت زراعی (8/75درصد) و 40درصد ظرفیت زراعی (7/73درصد) مربوط به اولئیک­اسید بوده درحالیکه در تیمار 70درصد ظرفیت زراعی مربوط به متیل‌لینولئات (5/22) بود. بجز اولئیک­اسید که در دو تیمار ظرفیت زراعی و 40درصد ظرفیت زراعی بیشترین مقدار را داشت، سایر ترکیبات در تیمار 70 درصد ظرفیت زراعی بیشترین میزان را نسبت به دو تیمار دیگر به خود اختصاص دادند. با توجه به نتایج، تنش ملایم (70 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) باعث افزایش اغلب ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی گیاه می شود که احتمالا به دلیل تنظیم اسمزی سلول در گیاه در شرایط کم آبی باشد، اما در شرایط تنش شدید (40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) این ترکیبات کاهش داشتند که احتمالا این متابولیت ها صرف تامین انرژی برای رشد و زنده مانی گیاه شده اند. طبق نتایج این پژوهش، از آنجایی که بذر این گیاه دارای ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی با اهمیتی از جمله اسیدهای چرب، فیتواسترول ها، متیل استرها، فلاونوئیدها و غیره می باشد، لذا می توان ترکیبات فوق را پس از استخراج و خالص سازی، در صنایع غذایی، دارویی، بهداشتی و غیره استفاده نمود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
کم آبی
اسیدهای چرب
فیتواسترول ها
متیل استرها
فلاونوئیدها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Investigation of methanolic extract variations in milk thistle seeds under drought stress conditions

نویسندگان English

rahele ghanbari moheb seraj 1
masoud tohidfar 2
Mahdi Behnamian 3
Asadollah Ahmadikhah 2
Sara Dezhsetan 3
1 PhD Candidate of Mohaghegh Ardabili University
2 Faculty Member of Shahid Beheshti University
3 Faculty Member of Mohaghegh Ardabili University
چکیده English

The content of phytochemicals of medicinal plants including total phenols, flavonoids, fatty acid compounds, etc. are mainly affected by drought stress. In this study, the effects of different levels of water stress (Full irrigation at field capacity, irrigation at 70% of field capacity and irrigation at 40% of field capacity) on the phytochemicals of the medicinal plant of Milk thistle were evaluated. Soil moisture was measured by weight method and drought stress was applied to plants during the flowering stage for 8 days. Then, the seeds were oiled by Soxhlet and methanol extracted. Next, the phytochemicals of the extract were analyzed using GC-MS. GC-MS peak analysis indicated that 20 compounds were present in methanolic extract of Milk thistle. Oleic acid was the most abundant compound in irrigation treatments of Field Capacity (F.C) (75.8%) and 40%F.C. (73.7%), while methyl linoleate (22.5%) was highest in 70%F.C. Except of oleic acid, which had the highest amount in F.C and 40%F.C, the other compounds had the highest amount in 70%F.C compared to the other two treatments. According to the results, mild stress increased most of the plant's phytochemical compounds, possibly due to the osmotic regulation of the plant in dehydration. However, under extreme stress, these compounds were reduced, and these metabolites may have been used to provide energy for plant growth and survival. According to the results of this study, since the seeds of this plant have important phytochemical compounds such as fatty acids, phytosterols, methyl esters, flavonoids, etc. Therefore, the above compounds can be used in the food, pharmaceutical, health and other industries after extraction and purification.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Water deficit
Fatty acids
Phytosterols
Methyl esters
flavonoids
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