بررسی تاثیر آبیاری تناوبی ومقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن برخصوصیات کیفی مرتبط با ویسکوزیته برنج گیلانه

نویسندگان
مصطفی صادقی 1
حمیده حمیدی زاد 2
فاطمه حبیبی 3
1 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان
2 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان،لاهیجان
3 مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی
10.52547/fsct.17.109.21
چکیده
ویسکوزیته به عنوان مهمترین شاخص در ارزیابی کیفیت پخت برنج مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. به منظور صرفه‌جویی در مصرف آب و کاهش استفاده از نهاده‌های کشاورزی، این آزمایش با هدف تعیین بهترین دور آبیاری و کمترین مصرف کود نیتروژن و بررسی اثر متقابل آنها بر خصوصیات ویسکوزیته در رقم برنج گیلانه به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی، در سه تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. دور آبیاری در3 سطح غرقاب دائم، تناوب 7 روز و تناوب 14 روز و کود نیتروژن در سه سطح 50، 75 و100 کیلوگرم در هکتار در نظر گرفته شد. هر چه حداکثر ویسکوزیته بیشتر، ویسکوزیته حداقل و ویسکوزیته نهایی کمتر باشد، کیفیت بهتری از پخت در برنج حاصل خواهد شد. در بررسی اثرات متقابل مصرف کود نیتروژن و آبیاری، بیشترین حداکثر ویسکوزیته مربوط به تیمار کودی 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار و آبیاری با تناوب 14 روز (2707 سانتی پویز) بود. کمترین حداقل ویسکوزیته نیز در تیمار کود 75 کیلوگرم و آبیاری در شرایط غرقاب دائم (1767 سانتی پویز) بدست آمد. کمترین ویسکوزیته نهایی با مصرف کود 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار و دور آبیاری با تناوب 7 روز (3648 سانتی پویز) حاصل شد. در بررسی ویسکوزیته و تعیین کیفیت پخت، فروریختگی بالاتر و برگشت پذیری پائین‌تر نشان دهنده کیفیت پخت مطلوب تر می‌باشد. بیشترین مقدار فروریختگی (881 سانتی پویز)، کمترین برگشت پذیری (957 سانتی پویز) و کمترین درجه حرارت خمیری شدن (54/84 درجه سانتیگراد) مربوط به تیمار کود نیتروژن 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار و آبیاری با تناوب 7 روز بدست آمد. با توجه به شرایط زیست محیطی و توصیه جهت کاهش مصرف کود و آب، در صورت عدم تاثیر بر شاخص های مرتبط با عملکرد، تیمار با دور آبیاری 7 روز و کود نیتروژن 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار جهت حصول به بهترین کیفیت پخت برای رقم گیلانه پیشنهاد می‌گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
برنج
ویسکوزیته
کیفیت
آبیاری
کود نیتروژن

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Effects of irrigation interval and nitrogen fertilizer on quality characteristics related to viscosity in Gilaneh rice cultivar

نویسندگان English

Mostafa Sadeghi 1
Hamideh Hamidizad 2
Fatemeh Habibi 3
1 Department of Food Science and Technology, lahijan Branch Islamic Azad University
2 Department of Food Science and Technology, lahijan Branch Islamic Azad University
3 Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (ARED)
چکیده English

Viscosity is used as the most important indicator in evaluating the cooking quality of rice. In order to investigate the best irrigation method and nitrogen application and their interaction effects on viscosity or cooking quality in Guilaneh rice cultivar, this experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment in a CRBD with 3 replications. Irrigation managements was considered in 3 levels(full irrigation, 7 and 14 day interval irrigation) and nitrogen fertilizer as the second factor in 3 levels(50, 75 and 100 kg/ha). It will achieve better cooking quality with higher peak viscosity, lower trough viscosity and lower final viscosity. In the study of the interaction effects of nitrogen fertilizer application and irrigation, the highest peak viscosity was observed in the treatment with 14-day interval irrigation and 75 kg nitrogen fertilizer per hectare (2707 Centipoise). The lowest trough viscosity was obtained in the treatment of 75 kg fertilizer and irrigation under flooding (1767 Centipoise). The lowest final viscosity was obtained with 7-day interval irrigation and 75 kg nitrogen fertilizer per hectare (3648 Centipoise). In the study of viscosity, the higher breakdown and lower setback indicate better cooking quality. The highest breakdown (881Centipoise), the lowest setback (957 Centipoise) and the lowest pasting temperature (84.54°C) were related to the treatment of nitrogen fertilizer 75 kg/ha and 7-day interval irrigation. Therefore, according to environmental conditions and recommendations to reduce fertilizer and water consumption, if there is no effect on yield, treatment with 7-day interval irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer 75 kg/ha to achieve the best cooking quality for Gilaneh cultivar is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Rice
Viscosity
Quality
Irrigation
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