شناسایی وآنالیز همزمان هیدروکربن‌های آروماتیک چند حلقه‌ای در نمونه‌های نان بربری با استفاده از روش کروماتوگرافی گازی- طیف‌سنج جرمی

نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی- واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
2 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
3 مرکز تحقیقات سلامت غذا دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران
چکیده
در این پژوهش یک روش معتبر و مؤثر برای آنالیز همزمان 24 نوع هیدروکربن آروماتیک چند حلقه‌ای در نمونه‌های نان بربری سنتی تنوری و فرپز (نیمه صنعتی) با استفاده از دستگاه کروماتوگرافی گازی مجهز به آشکارساز طیف سنج جرمی راه‌اندازی گردید. آماده‌سازی نمونه بر اساس روش QuEChERS[1] انجام شد و روش تدوین شده پس از اعتبار سنجی برای آنالیز نمونه‌های نان به کار گرفته شد. برای بررسی اثر ماتریکس، شیب منحنی کالیبراسیون ترسیم شده با استانداردهای PAH­ در حلال خالص استونیتریل (calibration curve Solvent-based) و شیب منحنی کالیبراسیون اسپایک شده در نمونه‌ی بلانک (Spiked calibration curve) مقایسه شد. در بین 24 ترکیب آنالیز شده، 22 ترکیب (%91) دارای اثر ماتریکس افزایشی و 2 ترکیب (%8) دارای اثر ماتریکس کاهشی بودند. در نتیجه به منظور غلبه بر اثر ماتریکس از منحنی کالیبراسیون اسپایک شده استفاده شد. شیب منحنی کالیبراسیون برای هر آنالیت در دامنه‌‌‌‌ی غلظت ng/g 500- 10 به صورت خطی، با ضریب همبستگی (R2) 999/0-990/0 بود. حد تشخیص (LOD) و حد تعیین مقدار (LOQ)، به ترتیب ng/g 49/1-14/0 و ng/g 91/4-46/0 محاسبه گردید. میانگین درصد بازیافت در سه سطح اسپایک (ng/g 200، 50، 25) در سه روز متوالی (3 تکرار در هر روز) با دامنه 111-86 درصد و انحراف استاندارد نسبی 57/11-85/2 (RSD<20%) بود. نتایج آنالیز نمونه­های نان با روش معتبر شده نشان داد که در 9 نمونه (45%) نان بربری تنوری سنتی، ترکیب نفتالن با میانگین ng/g89/1±34/46 ردیابی شد و در نان­های بربری فرپز هیچ ترکیبی ردیابی نشد. تمامی مقادیر مثبت شناسایی شده از حدود قانونی اتحادیه اروپا برای غذاهای فرایند شده بر پایه غلات (1.0 ng/g) بیشتر بود. نتایج نهایی نشان داد که تماس با حرارت مستقیم شعله گاز در نان بربری می­تواند سبب ایجاد ترکیبات آروماتیک شود.



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کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Identification and simultaneous analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Barbary bread samples using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

نویسندگان English

vahideh moradi 1
Seyed Mahdi Seyadain Ardebili 2
attaollah shakouri 3
Ebrahim Hoseini 2
1 Islamic Azad University -science and research branch, Iran, Tehran
2 Islamic Azad University -science and research branch, Tehran, Iran
3 Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English



In this research a validated and effective method for simultaneous analysis of 24 poly aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometric detector was developed in traditional and semi industrial bread samples. Sample preparation was done based on QuEChERS method and developed method was validated and applied for analysis of bread samples. Matrix effect was evaluated by comparing the slopes of solvent-based calibration curve and spiked calibration curve in blank sample. Among the 24 analyzed compounds, 22 (91%) and 2 (8%) compounds presented the ion enhancement and ion suppression respectively. Therefore’ spiked calibration curve was used for overcoming matrix effect. In the concentration range of 10-500 ng/g, the calibration curves for each analyte was linear with a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.990 to 0.999. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantitation (LOQs) for different PAHs were between 0.14-1.49 and 0.46-4.91 ng/g, respectively. The mean recoveries obtained for three fortification levels (25, 50 and 200 ng/g, three replicates in each day) in three consecutive days were 86-111% (n=27), and also the average of relative standard deviations (RSDs) of PAHs were in the range of 2.85-11.57% with a satisfactory precision (RSD<20%). Analysis of bread samples using the validated method showed that Naphthalene was found in 9 traditional Barbary bread samples (45%) in the range of 46.34±1.89 ng/g and any compounds was detected in semi- industrial samples. All of the obtained positive results were higher than the legal permissible limits (1.0 ng/g) proposed by the European ::union:: for processed cereal-based foods. The final findings showed that direct flame exposure in gas oven during baking of Barbary bread could produce PAH compounds.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Barbary bread
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