اندازه گیری میزان آفلاتوکسین M1 و اکراتوکسین A در نمونه های شیر پاستوریزه و بررسی تاثیر امواج مایکروویو در کاهش غلظت آن‌ها

نویسندگان
اکبر بدلی 1
افشین جوادی 2
محمدرضا افشار مقدم 3
زهره مشاک 4
1 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، واحد ممقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ممقان، ایران
2 گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی،دانشکده دامپزشکی، علوم پزشکی تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.مرکز تحقیقات ارتقاء سلامت، علوم پزشکی تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.
3 مرکز تحقیقات ایمنی غذا و دارو، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران
4 گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی،دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
10.22034/FSCT.22.162.42
چکیده
با توجه به گستردگی استفاده از محصولات لبنی مانند شیر پاستوریزه، این محصولات باید عاری از هر گونه آلاینده مانند باقیمانده دارو، آفت کش، مایکوتوکسین و غیره باشند. مایکوتوکسین­ها (مانند آفلاتوکسین­ها، اکراتوکسین A و غیره) دسته­ای از مواد سمّی و آلاینده مواد غذایی، خوراک دام و طیور هستند که به طور طبیعی از انواع خاصی از قارچ­ها تولید می­شوند. حضور مایکوتوکسین­ها در شیر برای سلامتی مصرف کننده بسیار خطرناک است. بنابراین توسعه روش­های سریع، کارآمد و آسان برای بررسی حضور مایکوتوکسین­هایی مانند آفلاتوکسین M1 و اکراتوکسین A در مواد غذایی بسیار حائز اهمیت می­باشد. در این کار پژوهشی یک روش تجزیه­ای کارآمد مبتنی بر استخراج فاز جامد پخشی ترکیب شده با میکرواستخراج مایع-مایع پخشی برای استخراج آفلاتوکسین M1 و اکراتوکسین A از نمونه های شیر پاستوریزه و آنالیز آن­ها با کروماتوگرافی مایع با کارایی بالا مجهز به دتکتور فلورسانس ارائه شده است. تحت شرایط بهینه حدود تشخیص و اندازه گیری به ترتیب در محدوده های 29/0-23/0 و 97/0-77/0 نانوگرم بر لیتر حاصل شدند. همچنین فاکتور تغلیظ و راندمان استخراج به ترتیب در محدوده های 249-232 و % 89-83 بدست آمدند. در تعدادی از نمونه ها نیز آفلاتوکسین M1 (در 70 درصد از نمونه های شیر بررسی شده) و اکراتوکسین A (در 10 درصد از نمونه های شیر بررسی شده) یافت شد. همچنین با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده، تابش مایکروویو می‌تواند میزان آفلاتوکسین M1 (در محدوده 6/27 تا 5/33 درصد) و اکراتوکسین A (در محدوده 3/17 تا 8/20 درصد) کاهش دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
استخراج فاز جامد پخشی
امواج مایکروویو
میکرواستخراج مایع-مایع پخشی
کروماتوگرافی‌مایع با کارائی‌بالا
شیر پاستوریزه

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Determination of aflatoxin M1 and ochraoxin A in pasteurized milk and evaluation the effect of microwave irradiations on their reduction

نویسندگان English

Akbar Badali 1
Afshin Javadi 2
Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam 3
Zohreh Mashak 4
1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Mamaghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mamaghan, Iran.
2 Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary, Tabriz Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.Health Promotion Research Center, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
4 Department of Food Hygiene, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده English

Due to the extensive use of dairy-products like pasteurized milk, these products should be free of any contaminants such as drug residues, pesticides, mycotoxins, and etc. Mycotoxins (such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and etc.) are a group of toxic and pollutant substances in foodstuffs, animal and poultry feed that are naturally produced from certain types of fungi. The presence of mycotoxins in milk is very dangerous for the health of the consumer. Therefore, the development of fast, efficient and easy methods for investigating the presence of mycotoxins such as aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A in foodstuffs is of great importance. In this research, an efficient analytical method based on the combination of dispersive solid phase extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction has been proposed for the extraction of aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A from pasteurized milk samples and analyzing them with high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a fluorescence detector. Under the optimum condition, limits of detections and quantifications within the ranges of 0.23–0.29 and 0.77–0.97 ng L–1 were obtained, respectively. Enrichment factors and extraction recoveries has been obtained in the ranges of 232–249 and 83–89%, respectively. Aflatoxin M1 (in 70% of the examined milk samples) and ochratoxin A (in 10% of the -examined milk samples) were found in a number of samples. Also, according to the obtained results, microwave radiation can reduce the amount of aflatoxin M1 (in the range of 27.6 to 33.5%) and ochratoxin A (in the range of 17.3 to 20.8%).

کلیدواژه‌ها English

DSPE
Microwave irradiation
DLLME
HPLC
Pasteurized milk
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