پروتئاز آسپارتیک میکروبی: بیوسنتز، ویژگی ها و کاربردهای در حال ظهور: یک بررسی

نویسندگان
صادق فنجان حسناوی 1
علاء جبار عبد المنهل 1
زینه کاظم الیونس 1
عمار بدران رمضان التمیمی 1
طارق جمال عبدالمقصود 2
محمدعلی حصاری نژاد 3
1 گروه علوم غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بصره، بصره 61004، عراق
2 گروه علوم غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه قاهره، جیزه 12613، مصر
3 موسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی
10.22034/FSCT.21.150.76
چکیده
پروتئازهای آسپارتیک نقش حیاتی در فرآیندهای بیولوژیکی متنوع ایفا می‌کنند و انواع میکروبی توجه زیادی را به دلیل پتانسیل تجاری خود در صنایع مختلف به خود جلب می‌کنند. این بررسی جامع به جنبه‌های پیچیده پروتئازهای آسپارتیک میکروبی می‌پردازد که شامل بیوسنتز، تنظیم ژنتیکی، مکانیسم‌های ترشح، تغییرات پس از ترجمه، ویژگی‌ها و کاربردهای در حال ظهور می‌شود. بیوسنتز این پروتئازها شامل ترجمه ژن‌های مربوطه به پروتئین‌های پیش‌ساز است که تحت یک سری مراحل پردازش قرار می‌گیرند که منجر به تشکیل آنزیم‌های بالغ می‌شود. کارایی تولید و تجاری سازی پروتئاز آسپارتیک به شدت به درک مکانیسم های حاکم بر ترشح آن ها بستگی دارد. قابل توجه است که تغییرات پس از ترجمه، مانند گلیکوزیلاسیون و فسفوریلاسیون، نقش مهمی در تأثیرگذاری بر فعالیت و پایداری این آنزیم‌ها دارند. این بررسی بیشتر به بررسی ویژگی سوبسترا و خواص کاتالیزوری پروتئازهای آسپارتیک میکروبی، همراه با کاربردهای بالقوه آنها در صنایع غذایی، داروسازی و بخش‌های بیوتکنولوژی می‌پردازد. در صنایع غذایی، این پروتئازها در افزایش طعم، بافت و ارزش غذایی مفید هستند. در حوزه داروسازی، آنها به کشف و توسعه دارو کمک می کنند. علاوه بر این، در بیوتکنولوژی، پروتئازهای آسپارتیک میکروبی تطبیق پذیری در کاربردهایی مانند مهندسی پروتئین، سنتز پپتید و زیست پالایی از خود نشان می دهند. این بررسی جامع، بینش‌های ارزشمندی را در مورد ماهیت چند وجهی این آنزیم‌ها ارائه می‌کند، بیوسنتز، تنظیم ژنتیکی، مکانیسم‌های ترشح، تغییرات پس از ترجمه، ویژگی‌ها و کاربردهای تجاری امیدوارکننده را روشن می‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پروتئاز آسپارتیک
بیوسنتز
کاربردهای صنعتی
بیوتکنولوژی

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Microbial Aspartic Protease: Bio-synthesis, Characteristics, and Emerging Applications: A review

نویسندگان English

Sadeq Fenjan Hasnawi 1
Alaa Jabbar Abd Al-Manhel 1
Zena Kadhim AL-Younis 1
Ammar B. Altemimi 1
Tarek Gamal Abedelmaksoud 2
Mohammad Ali Hesarinejad 3
1 Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
2 Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
3 Research Institute of Food Science and Technology
چکیده English

Aspartic proteases play a vital role in diverse biological processes, with microbial variants garnering considerable attention for their commercial potential across various industries. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate aspects of microbial aspartic proteases, encompassing their biosynthesis, genetic regulation, secretion mechanisms, post-translational modifications, characteristics, and emerging applications. The biosynthesis of these proteases involves the translation of corresponding genes into precursor proteins, which undergo a series of processing steps culminating in the formation of mature enzymes. The efficiency of aspartic protease production and commercialization relies heavily on understanding the mechanisms governing their secretion. Notably, post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation and phosphorylation, play a significant role in influencing the activity and stability of these enzymes. The review further explores the substrate specificity and catalytic properties of microbial aspartic proteases, along with their potential applications in the food industry, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology sectors. In the food industry, these proteases find utility in enhancing flavor, texture, and nutritional value. In the pharmaceutical realm, they contribute to drug discovery and development. Additionally, in biotechnology, microbial aspartic proteases exhibit versatility in applications such as protein engineering, peptide synthesis, and bioremediation. This comprehensive examination provides valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of these enzymes, shedding light on their biosynthesis, genetic regulation, secretion mechanisms, post-translational modifications, characteristics, and promising commercial applications.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Aspartic protease
Biosynthesis
Industrial applications
Biotechnology
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