بهینه‌سازی پیش فرآیند ترکیبی (اسمز-فراصوت) و خشک کردن تکمیلی با هوای داغ میوه پوملو

نویسندگان
مریم ثابت قدم 1
فاطمه پورحاجی 2
مهدی جلالی 3
الهام آزادفر 1
1 باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران
2 مدرس، دانشگاه جامع علمی- کاربردی، مرکز چشمه نوشان خراسان (عالیس)
3 1- گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران 2- مدرس، دانشگاه جامع علمی کاربردی، خراسان رضوی، ایران
10.22034/FSCT.21.148.89
چکیده
در این مطالعه، اثر استفاده از آبگیری اسمزی، فراصوت و پوشش خوراکی به عنوان پیش تیمار قبل از فرآیند خشک کردن جهت بهبود طعم محصول، کاهش صدمات حرارتی، کاهش آب بافتی و سهولت انتقال جرم مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش سطح پاسخ برای بهینه‌سازی شرایط خشک کردن برش‌های میوه پوملو توسط اسمز-هوای داغ مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. غلظت پوشش خوراکی (2-0 % وزنی/حجمی)، زمان اعمال فراصوت (30-0 دقیقه) و غلظت ساکارز (80-40 % وزنی/وزنی) به عنوان متغیرهای مستقل بر میزان رطوبت، جذب مواد جامد، افت وزن و ضریب بهره‌وری میوه پوملو به عنوان متغیرهای وابسته مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. تمام متغیرهای فرایند به صورت خطی برای تمام پاسخ‌ها معنی­دار بودند (01/0>P). مقایسه نتایج بهینه‌سازی فرایند آبگیری اسمزی پوملو پوشش یافته و بدون پوشش نشان داد که در نقطه بهینه، بیشترین مقدار پوشش کربوکسی­متیل­سلولز و زمان آبگیری اسمزی و غلظت محلول اسمزی در نمونه پوشش یافته به ترتیب 2 درصد، 86/21 دقیقه و 75/57 درصد محاسبه شد. بیشترین مقادیر کاهش آب، افت وزن و ضریب بهره‌وری به ترتیب 09172/0 (گرم/در 100گرم ماده جامد)، 091/0 درصد و 478/19 در نمونه پوشش یافته و بیشترین جذب مواد جامد با مقدار 0089/0 (گرم/در 100گرم ماده جامد) در نمونه بدون پوشش گزارش شد. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از پوشش باعث کاهش جذب مواد جامد می­گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پوملو
روش اسمزی
فراصوت
خشک کردن
هوای داغ

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Optimization of combined pre-process (osmosis-ultrasound) and additional drying with hot air of Pommelo fruit

نویسندگان English

Maryam Sabetghadam 1
Fatemeh Pourhaji 2
Mahdi Jalali 3
Elham Azadfar 1
1 Young Researchers and Elite Club, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
2 Lecturer, University of Applied Science and Technology, Center of Cheshme Noshan Khorasan (Alis)
3 1- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran 2- Lecturer, University of Applied Science and Technology, Khorasan Razavi, Iran
چکیده English

Effect of osmosis dehydration, ultrasonic and edible coating as the pretreatment before drying has been studied in order to improve the flavor of the product, reduce thermal damages, decrease interstitial water and ease of transferring mass. The response surface method was used to optimize the drying conditions of Pommelo slices by osmosis-hot air. The concentration of edible coating (0-2% w/v) and the time of applying ultrasound (0-30 min) and the concentration of sucrose (40-80% w/w) were evaluated as independent variables on the amount of moisture content, absorption of solids, weight loss and productivity coefficient of Pommelo slices as dependent variables. All process variables were linearly significant for all responses (P<0.01). The comparison of the optimization results of coated and uncoated Pommelo osmotic dehydration showed that at the optimal point, the maximum amount of carboxymethyl cellulose coating and the osmotic dehydration time and the concentration of the osmotic solution in the coated sample were calculated as 2%, 21.86 minutes and 57.75%, respectively. The highest values of water reduction, weight loss and efficiency coefficient were 0.09172 (g/100g of solid matter), 0.091% and 19.478 respectively in the coated sample, and the highest absorption of solids with a value of 0.0089 (g/100g of solids) was reported in the uncoated sample. The results showed that the use of coating reduces the absorption of solid.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Pommelo
Osmosis
Ultrasound
Drying
Hot air
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