تاثیر هیدروکلوئیدهای کاپاکاراگینان و کربوکسی متیل سلولز بر خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی و حسی شیر استریل غنی شده با کلسیم

نویسندگان
ریحانه کاوند
مرجانه صداقتی
نرگس مورکی
گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده علوم زیستی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
10.22034/FSCT.19.131.291
چکیده
با افزایش آگاهی مصرف کنندگان نسبت به اثرات سلامتی بخش کلسیم غنی سازی فرآورده های شیری با کلسیم افزایش یافته است. با این وجود افزودن نمک های کلسیم به شیر می تواند باعث ناپایداری شیر شود. در این تحقیق تاثیر افزودن هیدروکلوئیدهای کربوکسی متیل سلولز (0.01%) ، کاپا کاراگینان (0.02%) و مخلوط کربوکسی متیل سلولز و کاپا کاراگینان بر خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی و حسی شیر استریل غنی شده با کلسیم مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل مشخص کرد افزودن کربوکسی متیل سلولز و کاپا کاراگینان تاثیر معنی داری بر pH، اسیدیته و هدایت الکتریکی نمونه های شیر نداشت(p˃0.05) اما در طول زمان نگهداری pH نمونه ها کاهش، اسیدیته و هدایت الکتریکی آنها افزایش معنی دار داشت(p<0.05). حداکثر پایداری حرارتی در تیمار اول (01/0 درصد کربوکسی متیل سلولز و 15/0 درصد سیترات کلسیم) و سوم (01/0 درصد کربوکسی متیل سلولز، 02/0 درصد کاپاکاراگینان و 15/0 درصد سیترات کلسیم) مشاهده شد، درحالیکه نمونه های شاهد و تیمار دوم (02/0 درصد کاپاکاراگینان و 15/0 درصد سیترات کلسیم) پایداری حرارتی کمتری داشتند. نتایج حاصل مشخص کرد در کلیه نمونه ها درصد رسوب با افزایش زمان نگهداری به طور معنی داری افزایش یافت(p<0.05) اما در نمونه های تیمار و در حضور هیدروکلوئید های کربوکسی متیل سلولز و کاپا کاراگینان درصد رسوب کلسیم به طور معنی داری کاهش و ویسکوزیته افزایش یافت(p<0.05). به نظر می رسد رسوب شامل تجمعاتی از پروتئین ها و یا ذرات پروتئینی با اندازه های مختلف باشند که همراه با کلسیم و فسفات تحت تاثیر نیروی جاذبه رسوب می کنند. ارزیابی پذیرش کلی مشخص کرد از نظر ارزیاب ها نمونه شاهد و تیمار اول در بین تیمارهای مورد آزمون بیشترین مقبولیت را داشتند. به نظر می رسد کاهش رسوب در تیمار اول و ویسکوزیته پایین تر آن در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها در افزایش امتیاز پذیرش کلی تیمار اول تاثیر گذار بوده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
شیر
استریل
هیدروکلوئید و کلسیم
پایداری حرارتی

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The effect of kappa-carrageenan and carboxy methyl cellulose hydrocolloids on the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of calcium-enriched sterile milk

نویسندگان English

Reyhaneh Kavand
marjaneh sedaghati
Nargess Mooraki
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

With the increasing awareness of consumers regarding the health effects of calcium, the enrichment of dairy products with calcium has increased. However, adding calcium salts to sterile milk can cause milk instability and increase sedimentation. In this research, the effect of adding hydrocolloids of carbox ymethyl cellulose (0.01%), kappa carrageenan (0.02%) and a mixture of carboxy methyl cellulose and kappa carrageenan on the physicochemical and sensory properties of calcium-enriched sterile milk was investigated. The results indicated that the addition of carboxy methyl cellulose and kappa carrageenan had no significant effect on the pH, acidity, and electrical conductivity of milk samples (p˃0.05), but during the storage period, the pH of the samples decreased, and their acidity and electrical conductivity increased significantly (p<0.05). The maximum thermal stability was observed in the first treatment (0.01% carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.15% calcium citrate) and the third (0.01% carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.02% capacarrageenan and 0.15% calcium citrate), while Control samples and the second treatment (0.02% capacarrageenan and 0.15% calcium citrate) had less thermal stability.The results showed that in all the samples, the percentage of precipitation increased significantly with increasing storage time (p<0.05), but in the treatment samples and in the presence of carboxy methyl cellulose hydrocolloids and kappa carrageenan, the percentage of calcium precipitation decreased and viscosity increased significantly (p<0.05). It seems that the sediment consists of accumulations of proteins or protein particles of different sizes that are precipitated together with calcium and phosphate under the influence of gravity. Evaluation of overall acceptance determined that the control sample and the first treatment were the most acceptable among the tested treatments. It seems that the reduction of sediment in the first treatment and its lower viscosity compared to other treatments have been effective in increasing the overall acceptance score of the first treatment in terms of evaluators.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Milk
sterile
hydrocolloid and calcium
Heat stability
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