اثر کاربرد بعد از برداشت گاماآمینوبوتریک اسید، اکسید کلسیم و سالیسیلیک اسید بر کیفیت و انبارمانی گوجه‌فرنگی

نویسندگان
مهلا خوشهالی 1
فاطمه ناظوری 2
محمود رقامی 3
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولیعصر (عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر (عج) رفسنجان ، رفسنجان ، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر (عج) رفسنجان ، رفسنجان ، ایران
10.22034/FSCT.19.128.207
چکیده


در سال 1400 آزمایشی به‌منظور بررسی کیفیت و انبارمانی گوجه‌فرنگی رقم "سنا" توسط اکسید کلسیم، گاماآمینوبوتریک اسید(GABA) و سالیسیلیک اسید در آزمایشگاه پس از برداشت گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی دانشگاه ولی‌عصر رفسنجان (عج) انجام شد. طرح آماری آزمایش بر پایه فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی بود. فاکتور اول آزمایش شامل شاهد (آب مقطر)، اکسید کلسیم%5/0 (CaO)، گاماآمینوبوتریک اسید با غلظت 10 میلی مولار (گابا) سالیسیلیک اسید با غلظت 5/0 میلی مولار (SA) و تیمار تلفیقی (CaO + GABA+SA) و فاکتور دوم شامل زمان انبارمانی طی 3 دوره‌ی انبارمانی (7، 14 و 21 روز) در دمای1±4 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5±85 درصد بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که تأثیرتیمار تلفیقی در حفظ ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی گوجه‌فرنگی چشمگیر بود. کم‌ترین میزان مواد جامد محلولو کم‌ترین درصد فعالیت آنزیم پکتین متیل استرازو بیشترین میزان فنل و فعالیت آبی در تیمار گابا مشاهده شد. تیمار سالیسیلیک اسید نسبت به نمونه شاهدتا %32از نشت یونی ممانعت کرد، همچنین %2.5 باعث حفظ وزن گردید و منجر به حفظ اسیدیته قابل تیتراسیون در روز هفتم انبارمانی نسبت به روز صفر گردید.طبق نتایج، بیشترین میزان سفتی، پذیرش کلی، فعالیت آبی و ویتامین ث متعلق به تیمار اکسید کلسیم بود.کم‌ترین میزان مالون دی آلدئید، لیکوپن وکم‌ترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم پلی گالاکتروناز (% 09/0 کاهش فعالیت نسبت به شاهد) و کم‌ترین آلودگی میکروبی (% 63/0 کاهش کلنی نسبت به شاهد)،کم‌ترین درصد نشت یونی و سرمازدگی متعلق به تیمار اکسید کلسیم بود.به‌طورکلی در بین تیمارهای جداگانهتیمار اکسید کلسیم %0.5و سپس تیمارگابا با غلظت 10 میلی مولار، به بهترین نحو صفات کمی و کیفی میوه گوجه‌فرنگی را حفظ کردند و جهت فرایند ذخیره‌سازیپیشنهاد می‌شوند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی
فعالیت آنزیمی
ترکیبات فنلی
آلودگی میکروبی

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The effect of post-harvest application of gamma-aminobutyric acid, calcium oxide and salicylic acid on the quality and storage of tomatoes

نویسندگان English

Mahla Khoshali 1
Fatemeh Nazoori 2
Mahmood Raghami 3
1 M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Valiasr University, Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده English

In 2021, an experiment was conducted to study the quality and storage of ‘Sena’ variety of tomato by application of calcium oxide, gamma-aminobutyric acid and salicylic acid in the postharvest laboratory of department of horticultural sciences and engineering in Vali-e-Asr university of Rafsanjan. The statistical design of the experiment was a factorial in the form of a completely random design. The first factor included control (distilled water), 0.5% calcium oxide (CaO), gammaaminobutyric acid with 10 mM concentration (GABA), salicylic acid with a concentration of 0.5 mM (SA) and combined treatment (CaO + GABA + SA), and the second factor included 3 storage times (7, 14 and 21 days). The results of the experiment showed that the effect of the combined treatment was significant in maintaining the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of tomatoes. The lowest content of soluble solids, the lowest activity percentage of pectin methyl esterase enzyme, the highest amount of phenol and the highest water activity were observed in gamma-aminobutyric acid treatment. Compared to the control sample, salicylic acid treatment prevented up to 32% of ion leakage, and 2.5% maintained the weight, and maintained titratable acidity on 7th day comparing the first day. According to the results, the highest level of firmness, general acceptance, water activity and vitamin C belonged to calcium oxide treatment. The lowest amount of malondialdehyde and lycopene, the lowest level of polygalacturonase enzyme activity (0.09% reduction in activity compared to the control), the lowest microbial contamination (0.63% colony reduction compared to the control), the lowest percentage of ion leakage and frostbite belonged to calcium oxide treatment. In general, among the treatments, 0.5% calcium oxide and 10 mM gamma-aminobutyric acid treatments best maintained the quantitative and qualitative traits of tomato fruit and are suggested for its storage.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Keywords: antioxidant compounds
Enzyme activity
phenolic compounds
Microbial contamination
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