مروری نظام‌مند بر مخاطرات ناشی از مصرف عسل و حد مجاز آن‌ها علیرغم خصوصیات مفید تغذیه‌ای و شفابخش آن

نویسندگان
مسعود کاظمی نیا 1
حمیدرضا شعبانی خنار 2
احسان عالی 3
رزاق محمودی 4
1 دانشجوی دکتری بهداشت و کنترل کیفیت مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناس ارشد علوم و صنایع غذایی، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، موسسه آموزش عالی خزر، محمودآباد، مازندران، ایران
3 استادیار گروه فارماکولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین، قزوین، ایران
4 استاد بهداشت و ایمنی مواد غذایی، مرکز تحقیقات میکروب شناسی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین، قزوین، ایران
10.52547/fsct.18.116.371
چکیده


آلودگی‌های محیطی و تقلباتی که در حین تولید عسل رخ می‌دهد، می‌تواند سلامت مصرف‌کننده را به مخاطره بی اندازد بنابراین در این مطالعه بر آن شدیم، عوامل مؤثر بر کیفیت و ایمنی عسل را از هم تفکیک کنیم تا با شناسایی و کنترل این عوامل، کیفیت و ایمنی عسل حفظ گردد. در مطالعه مروری نظام‌مند حاضر، اطلاعات لازم با مراجعه به پایگاه­های اطلاعاتی Pub Med، Science Direct، Elsevier، Google Scholar، SID، MagIran، Civilica، سازمان جهانی بهداشت، سازمان خواربار و کشاورزی ملل متحد بر اساس کلیدواژه‌های عسل، ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی، کیفیت، ایمنی، سلامت عمومی، فلزات سنگین و باقی‌مانده‌های دارویی طی 10 سال اخیر جمع‌آوری گردید. عواملی که بر کیفیت عسل تاثیر گذارند شامل میزان کربوهیدرات‌ها (نسبت فروکتوز به گلوکز)، پرولین، اسید گلوکونیک، اسیدسیتریک، رطوبت، خاکستر (به‌خصوص پتاسیم)، 5-هیدروکسی متیل فورفورال (5-HMF)، فعالیت دیاستازی (آلفا و بتا آمیلاز)، رنگ، هدایت‌الکتریکی، pH، اسیدیته و عواملی که بر ایمنی (بی‌خطری) عسل تاثیر گذارند شامل فلزات سنگین و باقی‌مانده‌های دارویی می‌باشند. خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی شامل میزان کربوهیدرات‌ها، پرولین، اسید گلوکونیک، اسیدسیتریک، رطوبت، خاکستر، 5-HMF، فعالیت دیاستازی، رنگ، هدایت‌الکتریکی، pH، اسیدیته فقط بر کیفیت عسل تاثیر گذارند و تهدیدی بر سلامت مصرف‌کننده نیستند. اما فلزات سنگین و باقی‌مانده‌های دارویی علاوه بر کیفیت عسل، ایمنی و سلامت مصرف‌کننده را نیز به مخاطره می‌اندازد؛ بنابراین فلزات سنگین و باقی‌مانده‌های دارویی نسبت به خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی، کیفیت بهداشتی عسل و سلامت عمومی مصرف‌کننده را بیشتر به مخاطره می‌اندازند. درنتیجه شناسایی و کنترل فلزات سنگین و باقی‌مانده‌های دارویی در عسل نسبت به خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی از اهمیت بیشتری برخوردار است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عسل
ایمنی
ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی
فلزات سنگین
باقی‌مانده‌های دارویی

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

A systematic review of the risk factors of honey consumption and their limit despite the beneficial nutritional properties and healing

نویسندگان English

MASOUD KAZEMINIA 1
hamidreza shabani 2
ehsan aali 3
razzagh mahmodi 4
1 Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
2 University of Khazar
3 Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
4 Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده English

Honey is a natural product containing water and different complex compounds such as proteins, sugars, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Environmental contaminations and fraud that occur during honey production, endangers consumer health. The aim of this study, investigate and identify the factors that are deliberately or unintentionally present in honey in order to control these factors, the quality of honey and consumer health to be maintained. In the current review study the information achieved by referring to the databases Pubmed, Science Direct, Elsevier, Google Scholar, SID, MagIran, Civilica, World Health Organization, United Nations Food and Drug Administration collected based on keywords honey, physicochemical properties, hygienic quality, public health, heavy metals and pharmaceutical residues during the last 10 years. Factors affecting the hygienic and safety of honey include carbohydrates (fructose-glucose ratio), proline, gluconic acid, citric acid, moisture, ash (especially potassium), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, diastase activity (alpha and beta amylase), color, electrolytic conductivity, pH, acidity, heavy metals, and pharmaceutical residues. Physicochemical properties, although affecting the quality of honey but not a threat to consumer health, but heavy metals and residual medicines, in addition to honey quality, also endanger consumer health; thus, heavy metals, and pharmaceutical residues, in comparison to physicochemical properties, affect the hygienic quality of honey and public health. Thus heavy metals and pharmaceutical residues than physicochemical properties, the honey quality and consumers public health more endanger. As a result, the identification and control of heavy metals and pharmaceutical residues in honey is more important than physicochemical properties.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

honey
Safety
Physicochemical properties
Heavy metals
Pharmaceutical residues
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