اثر تیمار پس از برداشتی کلرید‌کلسیم بر عمر انبارمانی و کیفیت میوه برخی از ژنوتیپ‌های زغال‌اخته

نویسندگان
شیوا قاسمی 1
مصطفی قاسمی 2
محمد علی نجاتیان 1
مجید گلمحمدی 1
1 هیئت علمی بخش زراعی باغی- مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قزوین
2 هیئت علمی بخش زراعی باغی. مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قزوین
10.52547/fsct.18.116.131
چکیده
زغال اخته میوه ­ای بسیار فسادپذیر است که برای کاهش ضایعات به مدیریت مناسب پس از برداشت نیاز دارد. این مطالعه با هدف افزایش عمر پس از برداشت و عرضه محصول به بازار با استفاده از تیمارهای پس از برداشت کلرید کلسیم انجام شده است. تحقیق حاضر در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی و در سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورها شامل 3 تیمار غوطه وری کلرید کلسیم (صفر، 60 و 80 میلی­مولار)، 4 زمان انبارمانی (صفر، 10، 20 و 30 روز) و دو ژنوتیپ زغال ­اخته بودند. نمونه­ های میوه در مرحله بلوغ (بیش از 90 درصد قرمزی پوست) برداشت و تحت تیمارهای غوطه­ وری قرار گرفتند. در طی و پایان آزمایش، صفات مختلف فیزیکوشیمیایی میوه ­ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد در ژنوتیپ KKP2 میانگین سفتی و قند میوه کمتر و درصد ازدست دادن وزن بالاتر از ژنوتیپ Hir بود. نتایج نشان داد دو ژنوتیپ از نظر اسیدیته و اسید قابل تیتر تفاوت معنی ­داری نشان ندادند. سفتی، اسید­قابل تیتر، اسید­آسکوربیک، آنتوسیانین و فنل با گذشت زمان کاهش یافتند. در بین تیمارهای غوطه­ وری، بیشترین و کمترین مقدار سفتی، اسید قابل تیتر و اسید­آسکوربیک به ­ترتیب متعلق تیمار کلرید کلسیم 60 میلی­مولار و شاهد (آب مقطر) بودند. تفاوت بین تیمار کلرید­کلسیم 60 و 80 میلی­مولار معنی­ دار نبود. کمترین از دست­ رفتن وزن میوه نیز در تیمار 80 میلی­ مولار کلرید­کلسیم بدست آمد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
زغال اخته
کاهش وزن
عمر انباری
آنتوسیانین

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Effect of postharvest calcium chloride treatment on the fruit quality and storage life of some Cornelean cherry genotypes (Cornus mas L)

نویسندگان English

Shiva Ghasemi 1
Mostafa Ghasemi 2
mohammad ali nejatian 1
Majid Golmohammadi 1
1 Horticulture Crops Research Department, Qazvin Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Qazvin, Iran;
2 Horticulture Crops Research Department, Qazvin Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Qazvin, Iran;
چکیده English

Cornelean cherry is a very perishable fruit that requires proper postharvest management to reduce losses. This study was aimed to increase the postharvest life and marketability of the product using postharvest calcium chloride treatments. The present study was conducted in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Factors included 3 immersion calcium chloride treatments (0, 60 and 80 mM), 4 storage times (0, 10, 20 and 30 days) and two cornelean cherry genotypes. Fruit samples were harvested at maturity (more than 90% of red skin) and immersion treatments were applied on them. During and after the experiment, different physicochemical traits of fruits were studied. The results showed that KKP2 genotype had lower mean firmness and sugar content and higher weight loss percentage than Hir genotype. The results showed that the two genotypes did not show significant differences in terms of pH and titratable acidity. Firmness, titratable acid, ascorbic acid, anthocyanin and phenol decreased over time. Among immersion treatments, the highest and lowest firmness, titratable acid and ascorbic acid belonged to 60 mM calcium and control (distilled water), respectively. The difference between 60 and 80 mM calcium chloride treatments was not significant. The lowest fruit weight loss was obtained in 80 mM calcium chloride treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Cornelean cherry
Weight loss
shelf life
Anthocyanin
[1] Kalantari, M., Golmakani, MT., Riahin, MM., Sharifi, A., and Seraji, A. 2015. The effect of oral coating on osmotic dehydration of blueberries and study of physical properties Its chemical. Journal of innovation in food science and technology. 7(4):31-39. [In Persian].
[2] Dokoupil, L., and Řezniček, V. 2012. production and use of the cornelian cherry – Cornus mas L. Acta univ. agric.et silvic. Mendel. Brun., LX, 8: 49–58.
[3] Anonymous. 2019. Statistics of the Ministry of Jihad Agriculture. Volume III. Garden products. Cornelian cherry. [In Persian].
[4] Samiee rad, Z. 2011.Cornelian cherry, Planting, maintenance and harvesting. Ayiizh publication. 130 pages. [In Persian].
[5] Solomos, T., and Laties, G.G. 1973. Cellular organization and fruit ripening. Nature, 245(5425): 390-392.
[6] Capdeville, G. D, Maffia, L. A., Finger, F.L., and Batista, U. G. 2003. Gray mold severity and vase life of rose buds afterpulsing with citric acid, salicylic acid, calcium sulfate, sucrose and silvert hiosulfate. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 28(4):380-385.
[7] Davarynejad, Gh., Arefkhani, S., Azizi, M., and Zarei, M. 2015. Evaluation of salicylic acid and calcium chloride effect on shelf life, quality properties and antioxidant activity of peach fruit cv. Amesden after Harvest. Journal of Horticultural Science, 28 (4): 464-478. [In Persian].
[8] Ayala-Zavala, J. F., Wang, S.H.Y., Wang, C. Y. and González-Aguilar, G. A. 2007. High oxygen treatment increases antioxidant capacity and postharvest life of strawberry fruit. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 452: 166-173.
[9] Arya, SP.N. 2000. Spectrophotometric methods for the determination of vitamin C. Analytica Chimica Acta, 417: 1-14.
[10] Rapisarda, P., Fanella, F., and Maccarone, E. 2000. Reliability of analytical methods for determining anthocyanins in blood orange juices. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48 (6): 2249 - 2252.
[11] Slinkard, K., and Singleton, V.L. 1977. Total phenol analysis; automation and comparison with manual methods. The American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28: 49-55.
[12] Saftner, R. A, Conway, W. S., and Sams, C. E. 1998. Effects of postharvest calcium and fruit coating treatments on postharvest life, quality maintenance, and fruit-surface injury in golden delicious' apples. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 123(2): 294-298.
[13] Makus, D. J., and Morris, J. R. 1998. Preharvest calcium applications have little effect on mineral distribution in ripe strawberry fruit. HortScience, 33(1):64-66.
[14] Manganaris, G.A., Vasilakakis, M., Diamantidis, G., and Mignani, I. 2007. The effect of postharvest calcium application on tissue calcium concentration, quality attributes, incidence of flesh browning and cell wall physicochemical aspects of peach fruits. Journal of Food Chemistry, 100: 1385–1392.
[15] Shokrollah Fam, S., Hajilou, J., Zare, F., Tabatabaei, SJ. and Naghshiband Hasani, R. 2012. Effects of calcium chloride and salicylic acid on quality and shelf life of plum "golden drop" cultivar. Journal of Food Research (Agricultural science), 22(1):75-85. [In Persian].
[16] Mahajan BVC., and Dhatt AS, 2004. Studies on postharvest calcium chloride application on storage behaviour and quality of Asian pear during cold storage. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment 2:157–159.
[17] Nazoori, F., and Gheysarbigi, Sh. 2019. Effect of calcium chloride and salicylic acid on quantitative and qualitative features of strawberry fruit CV. Gavita. Food Science and Technology. 15 (85) :49-59 (In Farsi).
[18] Karamnezhad, F., Hajilou, J., and Tabatabaei, S. J. Effect of postharvest treatments of cacl2 at different temperatures on fruit quality and storage life of peach cv. Kousari. Plant production technology. 15(2):191-202. [In Persian].
[19] Esmaeili, N., Naghshiband Hassani, R., and Zare Nahandi, F. 2019. Evaluation of the effect of harvest time and fruit cold storage period on some of qualitative characteristics of Cornelian cherry fruit. Journal of Food Research (Agricultural science), 29(3):69-84. [In Persian].
[20] Miaruddin M, Chowdhury MGF, Rahman MM, Khan MHH., and Mozahid R, 2011. Effect of ripening chemicals on postharvest quality of tomato. Research Report (2010–2011) on Postharvest Technology of Crops. Postharvest Technogy Division Gazipur 1701: 79–85.
[21] Kittur, F. S., Saroja, N., and Tharanathan, R. 2001. Polysaccharide-based composite coating formulations for shelf-life extension of fresh banana and mango. European Food Research and Technology, 213(4-5): 306-311.‏
[22] Pila N., Gol N.B., and Rao T.V.R. 2010. Effect of post harvest treatments on physicochemical characteristics and shelf life of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruits during storage. American-Eurasian Journal Agriculture Environment Science, 9: 470-479.
[23] Jalili Marandi. R. 2005. Postharvest physiology. (Urmia University publication. 276 pages. [In Persian].
[24] Valero D, Perez-vicente A, Martinz-Romero D, Castillo S, Guillen F and Serrano M, 2002. Plum storability improved after calcium and heat postharvest treatments: Role of polyamines. Food Science 67: 2571-2575.
[25] Spinardi, AM, 2005. Effect of harvest data and storage on antioxidant systems in pears. Acta Horticulturae, 682: V International Postharvest Symposium.
[26] White PJ., and Broadley MR, 2003. Calcium in plants. Ann. Botanical 92: 487-511.
[27] Petriccione, M., Mastrobuoni, F., Pasquariello, M.S., Zampella, L., Nobis E., Capriolo, G., and Scortichini, M. 2015. Effect of chitosan coating on the postharvest quality and antioxidant enzyme system response of strawberry fruit during cold storage. Foods., 4: 501-523.
[28] Wang, S.Y., and Gao, H. 2013. Effect of chitosan -based edible coating on antioxidants, antioxidant enzyme system, and postharvest fruit quality of strawberries (Fragaria x aranassa Duch.). LW T - Food Science and Technology. 52: 71-79.
[29] Jiang, Y., Li, J., and Jiang, W. 2005. Effects of chitosan coating on shelf life of cold-stored litchi fruit at ambient temperature. LWT. 38: 757–761.
[30] Soleimani Aghdam, M., Yousefpour Dokhanieh, A., Hassanpour, H and Rezapour Fard, J. 2013. Enhancement of antioxidant capacity of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas) fruit by postharvest calcium treatment. Scientia Horticulturae 161:160–164.
[31] Peretto, G., Du, W. X., Avena-Bustillos, R. J., Berrios, J. D. J., Sambo, P., and McHugh, T. H. (2017). Electrostatic and conventional spraying of alginate-based edible coating with natural antimicrobials for preserving fresh strawberry quality. Food and bioprocess technology, 10(1), 165-174.‏
[32] Day, B. P. F. 2000. Modified atmosphere packaging of fresh fruit and vegetables–an overview. In IV International Conference on Postharvest Science 553 (pp. 585-590).
[33] Kou, X.H., Guo, W.L., Guo, R.Z., Li, X.Y., and Xue, Z.H. 2013. Effects of chitosan, calcium chloride, and pullulan coating treatments on antioxidant activity in pear cv. “Huang guan” during storage. Food Bioprocess Technology. 7: 671–681.
[34] Ramezanian, A., Rahemi, M., and Vazifehshenas, M.R. 2009. Effects of foliar application of calcium chloride and urea on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pomegranate fruits. Scientia Horticulturae, 121: 171–175.