بررسی امکان تبدیل ضایعات کاه گندم و برنج به قند قابل تخمیر با ترکیب پیش تیمار فراصوت و سم زدایی با پلاسمای سرد

نویسندگان
سیده هدی یوسفیان 1
رحیم ابراهیمی 2
بهرام حسین زاده سامانی 3
علی ملکی 3
1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد.
2 استاد تمام، گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
10.22034/FSCT.19.127.225
چکیده
در این تحقیق امکان تبدیل ضایعات لیگنوسلولزی کشاورزی به قند در طی مراحل پیش­تیمار فراصوت، هیدرولیز اسیدی-حرارتی و سم­زدایی با پلاسمای سرد مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور بعد از جمع­آوری کاه گندم و برنج، پیش­تیمار فراصوت-اسید (با سه تیمار مختلف بار باگاس، زمان سونیکیت و غلظت اسید) و سپس هیدرولیز اسیدی (با سه تیمار مختلف زمان هیدرولیز، غلظت اسید و دما) روی ترکیبات انجام شد. نتایج داده­های شیمیایی نشان داد که در زمان سونیکیت 30 دقیقه، بار باگاس یک درصد و غلظت اسید 5/1 درصد قند بالایی آزاد شد و لیگنین قابل حل نیز در بالاترین میزان خود قرار داشت. همچنین در طی هیدرولیز اسیدی-حرارتی نیز، زمان هیدرولیز 45 دقیقه، غلظت اسید %v/v 5/1 و دمای 120 درجه سلسیوس موجب آزادسازی بیشتر قند و ASL (Acid Soluble Lignin) گردید. علاوه بر داده­های شیمیایی، نتایج FTIR، FESEM و آنالیز حرارتی نیز ثابت کرد که ساختارها به خوبی از هم گسیخته شده است و بیومس برای مرحله تبدیل قند به اتانول زیستی آماده شده است. در ادامه روش سم­زدایی با پلاسمای سرد جهت حذف ترکیبات بازدارنده اسیدی استیک اسید، فرمیک اسید و فورفورال استفاده شد و نتایج نشان داد که پس از سم­زدایی با پلاسمای سرد مقادیر استیک اسید، فرمیک اسید و فورفورال به ترتیب 73، 58 و 78 درصد در مدت زمان سم­زدایی 10 دقیقه، فاصله جت 5/0 سانتی­متر و نسبت گاز آرگون به هوا 5/0 کاهش یافت. در نهایت می­توان گفت می­توان با پیش­­تیمار فراصوت و هیدرولیز اسیدی-حرارتی ساختاری پلی ساکاریدی ترکیبات لیگنوسلولزی را در هم شکست و سپس ترکیبات بازدارنده ایجاد شده سمی را نیز توسط روش پلاسمای سرد از بین برد تا بهترین نتیجه حاصل گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
التراسوند
اتانول زیستی
پلاسمای سرد
پسماند کشاورزی
تخمیر

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Investigation of the possibility of converting wheat and rice straw wastes to fermentable sugar by combining ultrasound pretreatment and cold plasma detoxification

نویسندگان English

Seyedeh Hoda Yoosefian 1
Rahim Ebrahimi 2
Bahram Hosseinzade samani 3
Ali Maleki 3
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, Shahrekord University, 8818634141, Shahrekord, Iran.
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, Shahrekord University, 8818634141, Shahrekord, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, Shahrekord University, 8818634141, Shahrekord, Iran.
چکیده English

In this study was investigated the possibility of converting agricultural lignocellulosic waste to sugar during the ultrasound-acid pretreatment, acid-thermal hydrolysis and cold plasma detoxification. For this purpose, after collecting wheat and rice straw, ultrasound-acid pretreatment (with three different treatments of bagasse load, sonicate time and acid concentration) and then acid hydrolysis (with three different treatments of hydrolysis time, acid concentration and temperature) on biomass were performed. The results of chemical data showed high sugar were released at 30 min time of sonication, bagasse load of 1% and acid concentration of 1.5% and soluble lignin was at its highest level. Also, during acid-thermal hydrolysis, hydrolysis time of 45 min, acid concentration of 1.5% and temperature of 120 ˚C caused further release of sugar and ASL. In addition to the chemical data, the results of FTIR, FESEM and thermal analysis proved that the structures are well disintegrated and the biomass is prepared for the conversion of sugar to bioethanol. Then, cold plasma detoxification method was used to remove such as acetic acid, formic acid and furfural and the results showed that after cold plasma detoxification, acid inhibitory compounds levels were 73, 58 and 78% decreased during 10 min of detoxification, jet distance of 0.5 cm and argon gas to air ratio 0.5. Finally, it can be said that lignocellulosic compounds can be broken down by ultrasonic pretreatment and acid-thermal hydrolysis of structural polysaccharides, and then the toxic inhibitory compounds can be eliminated by cold plasma method to achieve the best results.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Ultrasound
Bioethanol
cold plasma
agricultural waste
Fermentation
[1] Niju, S., Nishanthini, T., & Balajii, M. (2020). Alkaline hydrogen peroxide-pretreated sugarcane tops for bioethanol production—a process optimization study. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 10(1), 149-165.
[2] Velmurugan, R., & Muthukumar, K. (2011). Utilization of sugarcane bagasse for bioethanol production: sono-assisted acid hydrolysis approach. Bioresource technology, 102(14), 7119-7123.
[3] Millati, R., Wikandari, R., Ariyanto, T., Putri, R. U., & Taherzadeh, M. J. (2020). Pretreatment technologies for anaerobic digestion of lignocelluloses and toxic feedstocks. Bioresource technology, 304, 122998.
[4] Yu, K. L., Chen, W. H., Sheen, H. K., Chang, J. S., Lin, C. S., Ong, H. C., ... & Ling, T. C. (2020). Production of microalgal biochar and reducing sugar using wet torrefaction with microwave-assisted heating and acid hydrolysis pretreatment. Renewable Energy, 156, 349-360.
[5] Sindhu, R., Binod, P., Mathew, A. K., Abraham, A., Gnansounou, E., Ummalyma, S. B., ... & Pandey, A. (2017). Development of a novel ultrasound-assisted alkali pretreatment strategy for the production of bioethanol and xylanases from chili post harvest residue. Bioresource technology, 242, 146-151.
[6] Yang, B., & Wyman, C. E. (2008). Pretreatment: the key to unlocking low‐cost cellulosic ethanol. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining: Innovation for a sustainable economy, 2(1), 26-40.
[7] Goshadrou, A. (2021). A novel sequential ultrasound-rhamnolipid assisted [EMIM] OAc pretreatment for enhanced valorization of invasive Cogongrass to bioethanol. Fuel, 290, 119997.
[8] Ngan, N. V. C., Chan, F. M. S., Nam, T. S., Van Thao, H., Maguyon-Detras, M. C., Hung, D. V., & Van Hung, N. (2020). Anaerobic digestion of rice straw for biogas production. Sustainable Rice Straw Management, 65-92.
[9] Sindhu, R., Kuttiraja, M., Binod, P., Sukumaran, R. K., & Pandey, A. (2014). Physicochemical characterization of alkali pretreated sugarcane tops and optimization of enzymatic saccharification using response surface methodology. Renewable Energy, 62, 362-368.
[10] Alvira, P., Tomás-Pejó, E., Ballesteros, M., & Negro, M. J. (2010). Pretreatment technologies for an efficient bioethanol production process based on enzymatic hydrolysis: a review. Bioresource technology, 101(13), 4851-4861.
[11] Lin, S. P., Kuo, T. C., Wang, H. T., Ting, Y., Hsieh, C. W., Chen, Y. K., ... & Cheng, K. C. (2020). Enhanced bioethanol production using atmospheric cold plasma-assisted detoxification of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate. Bioresource Technology, 123704.
[12] Gao, S., Liu, H., Sun, L., Liu, N., Wang, J., Huang, Y., ... & Wang, M. (2019). The effects of dielectric barrier discharge plasma on physicochemical and digestion properties of starch. International journal of biological macromolecules, 138, 819-830.
[13] Okyere, A. Y., Bertoft, E., & Annor, G. A. (2019). Modification of cereal and tuber waxy starches with radio frequency cold plasma and its effects on waxy starch properties. Carbohydrate polymers, 223, 115075.
[14] Ito, S., Sakai, K., Gamaleev, V., Ito, M., Hori, M., Kato, M., & Shimizu, M. (2020). Oxygen radical based on non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma alleviates lignin-derived phenolic toxicity in yeast. Biotechnology for biofuels, 13(1), 1-13.
[15] Casabar, J. T., Ramaraj, R., Tipnee, S., & Unpaprom, Y. (2020). Enhancement of hydrolysis with Trichoderma harzianum for bioethanol production of sonicated pineapple fruit peel. Fuel, 279, 118437.
[16] Bach, Q. V., Chen, W. H., Lin, S. C., Sheen, H. K., & Chang, J. S. (2017). Wet torrefaction of microalga Chlorella vulgaris ESP-31 with microwave-assisted heating. Energy Conversion and Management, 141, 163-170.
[17] Nikolić, S., Mojović, L., Rakin, M., Pejin, D., & Pejin, J. (2011). Utilization of microwave and ultrasound pretreatments in the production of bioethanol from corn. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 13(4), 587-594.
[18] Abd-Rahim, F., Wasoh, H., Zakaria, M. R., Ariff, A., Kapri, R., Ramli, N., & Siew-Ling, L. (2014). Production of high yield sugars from Kappaphycus alvarezii using combined methods of chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis. Food Hydrocolloids, 42, 309-315.
[19] Teh, Y. Y., Lee, K. T., Chen, W. H., Lin, S. C., Sheen, H. K., & Tan, I. S. (2017). Dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis of red macroalgae Eucheuma denticulatum with microwave-assisted heating for biochar production and sugar recovery. Bioresource technology, 246, 20-27.
[20] Rajapaksha, A. U., Chen, S. S., Tsang, D. C., Zhang, M., Vithanage, M., Mandal, S., ... & Ok, Y. S. (2016). Engineered/designer biochar for contaminant removal/immobilization from soil and water: potential and implication of biochar modification. Chemosphere, 148, 276-291.
[21] Gan, Y. Y., Ong, H. C., Show, P. L., Ling, T. C., Chen, W. H., Yu, K. L., & Abdullah, R. (2018). Torrefaction of microalgal biochar as potential coal fuel and application as bio-adsorbent. Energy Conversion and Management, 165, 152-162.
[22] Yu, K. L., Show, P. L., Ong, H. C., Ling, T. C., Chen, W. H., & Salleh, M. A. M. (2018). Biochar production from microalgae cultivation through pyrolysis as a sustainable carbon sequestration and biorefinery approach. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 20(9), 2047-2055.
[23] Zheng, H., Guo, W., Li, S., Chen, Y., Wu, Q., Feng, X., ... & Chang, J. S. (2017). Adsorption of p-nitrophenols (PNP) on microalgal biochar: analysis of high adsorption capacity and mechanism. Bioresource technology, 244, 1456-1464.
[24] Hassan, S. S., Ravindran, R., Jaiswal, S., Tiwari, B. K., Williams, G. A., & Jaiswal, A. K. (2020). An evaluation of sonication pretreatment for enhancing saccharification of brewers' spent grain. Waste Management, 105, 240-247.
[25] Silva-Fernandes, T., Santos, J. C., Hasmann, F., Rodrigues, R. C. L. B., Izario Filho, H. J., & Felipe, M. G. A. (2017). Biodegradable alternative for removing toxic compounds from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysates for valorization in biorefineries. Bioresource technology, 243, 384-392.
[26] Klinke, H. B., Thomsen, A. B., & Ahring, B. K. (2004). Inhibition of ethanol-producing yeast and bacteria by degradation products produced during pre-treatment of biomass. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 66(1), 10-26.
[27] Liu, Y., Chen, J., Lu, X., Ji, X., & Wang, C. (2019). Reducing the agitation power consumption in anaerobic digestion of corn straw by adjusting the rheological properties. Energy Procedia, 158, 1267-1272.
[28] Qin, L., Li, W. C., Liu, L., Zhu, J. Q., Li, X., Li, B. Z., & Yuan, Y. J. (2016). Inhibition of lignin-derived phenolic compounds to cellulase. Biotechnology for biofuels, 9(1), 1-10.
[29] Ravindran, R., Sarangapani, C., Jaiswal, S., Cullen, P. J., & Jaiswal, A. K. (2017). Ferric chloride assisted plasma pretreatment of lignocellulose. Bioresource technology, 243, 327-334.