بررسی تاثیر جوشاندن و سرخ کردن عمیق به عنوان دو روش پخت و پز بر میزان نیتروزآمین‌های فرار و هیدروکربن‌های آروماتیک چند حلقه‌ای (PAHs) کوکتل دودی

نویسندگان
مهدی میرزازاده 1
احسان صادقی 2
فرانک بیگ محمدی 1
1 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
2 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده علوم تغذیه و صنایع غذایی، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل محیطی موثر بر سلامت(RCEDH)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران.
10.52547/fsct.18.121.10
چکیده
چکیده

گوشت و فرآورده‌های گوشتی به عنوان جزء اصلی رژیـم غذایی و تأمین کننده بخش وسیعی از نیازهـای پروتئینـی، ویتامینی و املاح مورد نیاز بدن انسان محسـوب می‌شـوند. با این وجود، پختن موجب ایجاد ترکیبات مضر و نامطلوب در آن‌ها می‌شود. در این میان، نیتروزآمین‌ها فرار (VNAs)[1] و هیدروکربن‌های آروماتیک چند حلقه‌ای (PAHs)[2] به دلیل پتانسیل سرطان‌زایی بالا بیشتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته اند. در این مطالعه، نمونه‌های کوکتل دودی گوشت گاو (55 %) از مراکز عرضه فرآورده‌های پروتئینی سطح شهر کرمانشاه به‌طور تصادفی، از سه شرکت معتبر (20 نمونه از هر یک از برندها) تهیه شدند. سپس، باقیمانده سه نوع نیتروز آمین N-نیتروزودی متیل آمین (NDMA)[3]، N-نیتروزپیرولیدین (NPYR)[4] و N- ﻧﯿﺘﺮوزوﭘﯿﭙﺮیﺪیﻦ (NPIP)[5] پس استخراج با روش میکرو استخراج مایع- مایع (DLLME)[6] و دو PAHs شامل بنزوآپیرن (Bap)[7] و بنزو-آ-آنتراسن (Ban)[8] پس از جداسازی با روش استخراج فاز جامد (SPE)[9] در نمونه‌های پخته شده با دو روش جوشاندن (Boiling) و سرخ کردن عمیق (Deep frying) توسط کروماتوگرافی گازی مجهز به با دتکتور یونیزاسیون شعله (GC-FID)[10]، اندازه گیری شد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل، سرخ کردن عمیق منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار مقدار نیتروز آمین‌ها و PAHs شد. با این وجود، میزان این ترکیبات در نمونه‌های فرآوری شده به روش جوشاندن از نظر آماری با نمونه کنترل تفاوتی نداشت (0.05<p). برندهای مختلف نیز حاوی مقادیر متفاوتی از نیتروز آمین‌ها و PAHs بودند. بنابراین، روش جوشاندن می‌تواند به عنوان یک روش مناسب و ایمن برای پخت گوشت و فرآورده‌های گوشتی مد نظر قرار گیرد.




[1] Volatile N-nitrosamines

[2] Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

[3] N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)

[4] N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR)

[5] N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP)

[6] Dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction

[7] Benzo[a] pyrene

[8] Benzo[a] anthracene

[9] Solid phase extraction

[10] Gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector
کلیدواژه‌ها
کوکتل دودی
نیتروزآمین
هیدروکربن‌های پلی آروماتیک چند حلقه‌ای
جوشاندن
سرخ کرن عمیق

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of the effect of boiling and deep frying as cooking method on the amounts of volatile nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of smoked cocktailsof volatile nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of smoked cocktails

نویسندگان English

mehdi mirzazadeh 1
ehsan Sadeghi 2
Faranak Beigmohammadi 1
1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده English

Abstract

Meat and meat products are important component of the diet and provide a large part of the proteins, vitamins and mineral requirements of the human body. However, cooking creates harmful and undesirable compounds in them. Among these, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile N-nitrosamines (VNAs) have received more attention due to their high carcinogenic potential. In this study, samples of smoked beef cocktail (55%) were randomly obtained from three reputable companies (20 samples from each brand) from protein supply centers in Kermanshah. Then, the amounts of three types of nitrosamines including N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) and N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) after extraction by dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME) and two PAHs including benzo[a] pyrene (Bap) and benzo[a] anthracene (Ban) after separation by solid phase extraction method (SPE) were measured in samples cooked via two methods of boiling and deep frying using gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector ( GC-FID ). Based on the results, deep frying led to a significant increase in the amount of both nitrosamines and PAHs. However, the content of these compounds in the samples processed by boiling method was not statistically different from the control sample (p >0.05). Different brands also contained different amounts of nitrosamines and PAHs. Therefore, boiling method can be considered as a suitable and safe method for cooking meat and meat products.


کلیدواژه‌ها English

Smoked cocktail
Nitrosamine
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Boiling
Deep frying
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