استخراج پنتوزان‌ها از سبوس گندم با استفاده از روش‌های متداول و ترکیبی

نویسندگان
مینا امامیان 1
محسن رادی 1
صدیقه امیری 2
حمیدرضا اخوان 3
1 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، واحد یاسوج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یاسوج، ایران
2 Department of Food Science and Technology, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran
3 بخش علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران
10.29252/fsct.16.97.37
چکیده
سبوس، محصول جانبی فرایند آسیاب گندم، دارای ترکیبات مختلف از جمله پنتوزان‌ها می‌باشد که این ترکیب می‌تواند برای افزایش خواص سلامت‌بخش و عملکردی محصولات غذایی کاربردهای صنعتی پیدا کند. در این تحقیق ابتدا بازدهی استخراج پنتوزان از سبوس گندم با استفاده از آب داغ 80 درجه سلسیوس، هیدروکسید سدیم 0.01 میلی‌مولار و پراکسید هیدروژن قلیایی 2 درصد به عنوان روش‌های مرسوم استخراج بررسی گردید. سپس، تاثیر پیش‌تیمارهایی از قبیل آنزیم سلولاز، فراصوت، اتوکلاو و مایکروویو در حضور هیدروکسید سدیم و آب بر افزایش بازدهی استخراج مطالعه شد. در نهایت به منظور افزایش بازده استخراج پنتوزان‌ها، تیمارهای مراحل قبل با بالاترین درجه استخراج (فراصوت، آنزیم سلولاز، آب داغ، هیدروکسید سدیم و پراکسید هیدروژن) به صورت تیمارهای ترکیبی ارزیابی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که خلوص پنتوزان‌های استخراج شده با هیدروکسید سدیم به صورت معنی‌داری بیشتر از آب داغ و پراکسید هیدروژن بود (p< 0.05). همچنین، از میان پیش‌تیمارهای آنزیم سلولاز، امواج فراصوت، اتوکلاو و مایکروویو در حضور آب یا هیدروکسید سدیم، بیشترین میزان بازده استخراج پنتوزان‌ها به ترتیب در تیمار ترکیبی آنزیم+هیدروکسید سدیم و فراصوت+هیدروکسید سدیم مشاهده شد. تیمار ترکیبی آب داغ 80 درجه سلسیوس، آنزیم سلولاز 0.1 درصد و توان فراصوت 560 وات به مدت 2 دقیقه و تیمار ترکیبی آب داغ 80 درجه سلسیوس و پراکسید هیدروژن 4 درصد با pH=11.5 به ترتیب به عنوان بهترین عوامل ترکیبی در افرایش بازده استخراج و خلوص پنتوزان از سبوس گندم شناخته شدند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
بهینه سازی استخراج
آنزیم سلولاز
امواج فراصوت
اتوکلاو
امواج مایکروویو
پنتوزان
بازده استخراج
فراصوت

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Extraction of pentosans from wheat bran by conventional and combined methods

نویسندگان English

Mina Emamiyan 1
رادی Radi 1
Sedigheh Amiri 2
Hamidreza Akhavan 3
1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran
2 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، واحد یاسوج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یاسوج، ایران
3 Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده English

Wheat bran as a by-product of milling contain various compounds such as pentosans which have health promoting effects and functinal properties in industrial applications. In this study the extraction yield of pentosans by hot water 80oC, 0.01 mM sodium hydroxide and 2% alkaline hydrogen peroxide solutions as the conventional methods for pentosan extraction was evaluated. Then, the effects of pretreatments such as cellulase, ultrasound, autoclave and microwave in the presence of sodium hydroxide and water to increase the pentosan extraction yield were studied. Finally, in order to increase the extraction yield of the pentosans, pretreatments with the highest extraction yield (sonication, cellulase enzyme, hot water, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide) were evaluated as combined treatments. The results showed that the purity of pentosans extracted with sodium hydroxide was significantly higher than the hot water and hydrogen peroxide solution (p<0.05). Also, among the pretreatments of cellulase enzyme, ultrasound, autoclave and microwave in presence of water or sodium hydroxide, the combination of cellulase-sodium hydroxide and ultrasound-sodium hydroxide treatments resulted in the higher yields. The combined treatment of hot water (80oC)+cellulase enzyme+(0.1%)+ultrasound power (560 w, 2 minutes) and the combined treatment of hot water (80oC)+hydrogen peroxide (4%, pH=11.5) were identified respectively as the best combination factors to maximize extraction yield and pentosans purity from wheat bran.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Extraction optimization
Cellulase enzyme
Ultrasound
Autoclave
Microwave
Pentosan
Extraction yield
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