Investigation of the effect of flower and leaf ethanolic extract of Humulus lupulus plant on the shelf life and quality attributes of strawberry fruits

Authors
Amir Daraei Garmakhany 1
habib mirzaei 2
Khani Shakarami 3
1 Assistant professor
2 graduated student
3 PhD of Horticultural sciences, physiology and ornamental plant breedin.
10.52547/fsct.17.109.75
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of flower and leaf extract of Humulus lupulus plant on the shelf life and quality attributes of strawberry fruits. Different treatments were applied in this research including: flower and leaf ethanolic extract of Humulus lupulus plant at concentration of 25, 50 and 100 percent, diazinon fungicide at concentration of 100 and 200 ppm and blank samples (0 ppm). Different quality attributes including: total soluble solids, fruit juice pH, titratable acidity, flavor index of fruit, sensory attributes and total microbial counts of fruits were measured during storage periods. The results showed that application of the flower and leaf extract of Humulus lupulus plant and diazinon fungicide had no significant effect on the pH value of strawberry fruits but maintained the titratable acidity during storage periods compared to the blank samples (p>0.05). Total soluble solid content of strawberry fruits was decreased with increase of the storage time but increased with increase of the flower and leaf extract of Humulus lupulus plant concentration and compared to applied concentration of diazinon fungicide (tow concentration) lead to better brix content maintenances. Treated strawberry samples with the flower and leaf extract of Humulus lupulus plant compared to other samples obtained the higher score in case of appearance, color and texture during sensory evaluation. Microbial evaluation results, showed the ability of the flower and leaf extract of Humulus lupulus plant in microbial spoilage inhibition compared to the diazinon fungicide. According to the obtained results from different chemical, microbial and sensory evaluations, the flower and leaf extract of Humulus lupulus plant can be introduced as replacer of the common fungicide applied in strawberry preservation.
Keywords
Flower and leaf extract of Humulus lupulus plant
Strawberry fruit
Quality attributes
Storage life

Subjects

[1] Kader, A.A. 2002. PostharvestTechnology of Horticultural Crops. University of California. Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 535- 543.
[2] Thumula, P. 2006. Studies on Storage Behaviour of tomatoe coated with chitosan-lysozyme films. Journal of Food Science, 22: 35-43.
[3] Alikhani-Kupaei, M., and Daraei Garmakhany. A. 2014. Effect of microencapsulated essential oils on the storage life of mango fruit (Mangifera indica. L, cv Chaunsa). Minerva Biotecnologica, 26(1-1): 49-55.
[4] Kashi, A., and Hekmati, J. 1991. Strawberry breeding. Ahmadi publisher, Tehran, Iran, 121 pp.
[5] Sharma, R.R. 2002. Growing strawberrines published by international book bistributing co.
[6] FAO. 2008. [Online], URL:Http://www.fao.org/es/ess/top/commodity.html?lang=en.
[7] Crisosto, C. H., Mitcham, E. J and Kader, A. A. 1994. Peaches and nectarines. Recommendations for maintaining postharvest quality. Perishables Handling Newsletter, 86: 17–18.
[8] Karabulut, O.A., Cohen, L., Wiess, B., Daus, A., Lurie, S., and Droby, S. 2002. Control of brown rot and blue mold of peach and nectarine by short hot water brushing and yeast antagonists. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 24 (2): 103–111.
[9] Ceponis, M.J., Cappellini, R.A., Wells, J.M., and Lightner, G.W. 1987. Disorders in plum, peach and nectarine shipments to the New York marketm, 1972-1985. Plant Disease. 71: 947-952.
[10] Manganaris, G. A., Vasilakakis, M., Diamantidis, M., and Mignani, I. 2007. The effect of postharvest calcium application, quality attributes incidence of flesh browning and cellwall physicochemical aspects of peach fruits. Food Chemistry, 100 (4): 1985-1392.
[11] Rahemi, M. 2005. Post harvest physiology. an introduction to the physiology handling of fruit regetables arnamentals, 4th ed, Shiraz University publisher, 437 pp.
[12] Mohseni, N. M., Daraei Garmakhany, A., and Mohamadi Sani, A. 2018. Study of the effect of thyme essential oil on the reduction of peroxidase enzyme activity in black Spanish radish and green bean. Food Science and Technology, 15 (82): 63-71.
[13] Pirhayati, A., Daraei garmakhany, A., Gholami, M., Mirzakhani, A., Khalilzadeh Ranjbar, G. 2019. Application of Aloe vera Gel Coating Enriched with Golpar Essential Oil on the Shelf Life of Peach Fruit (Prunus persica var, Zafarani). Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, 13 (4): 75-88.
[14] Obeland, D., Collins, S., Sievert, J., Fjeld, K., Doctor, J., Arpaia, ML. 2008. Comercial packing and storage of Naval oranges alter aroma volatile and reduces flavor quality. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 47 (2): 159–167.
[15] Porat, R., Weiss, B., Cohen, L., Daus, A., Biton, A. 2005. Effects of polyethylene wax content and composition on taste, quality, and emission of off-flavor volatiles in Mor mandarin. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 38 (3): 262–268.
[16] Del-Valle, V., Hernandez-Munoz, P., Guardda, A., and Galotto, M. J. 2005. Development of a cactus-mucilage edidle coating (Opuntia ficus indica ) and its application to extend strawberry(Fragaria ananassa) shelf life. Food Chemistry, 91 (4): 751-756.
[17] Marjori, M. 1999. Plant production as antimicrobial agents. Clinical Microbial Review, 12 (4): 564-582.
[18] Horemans, N., Foyer, C. H., Potters, G., and Asard, H. 2000. Ascorbate Function & Associated transport systems in plant. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 38 (7-8): 531-540.
[19] Juven, B. J., Kanner, J., Sched, F., and Weisslowicz, H. 1994. Factors that interact with the antimicrobial of thyme essential oil & its active constituent's. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 76 (6): 626-631.
[20] Ultee, A., Kets, P. E., and Smid, E. J. 1999. Mechanism of action of carvacol on the foodborne poathogen bacillus cereus. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 65 (10): 4606-4610.
[21] Ponec, A. G., Del Valle, C. E., and Roura, S. I. 2004. Natural essensial oil as reducing agents of perroxidase activity in leafy vegetable. LWT, 37 (2): 199-204.
[22] Bullerman, L. B., Lieu, Y., and Sally, A. 1982. Inhibition of growth and aflatoxin production A.parasiticus by cinnamon and clove oils aldehyde and evgenol. Journal of Food Science, 42 (4): 1107-1109.
[23] Asgari Marjanlu, A., Mostofi, Y., Shoeibi, S., Maghoumi, M. 2009. Effect of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Essential oil on Gray Mold Control and Postharvest Quality of Strawberry (cv. Selva). Journal of . Medicinal Plants, 8 (29): 131-139.
[24] Ranjbar, H., Farzaneh, M., Sharifii, R., Hadian, J., and Mirjalili, M.H. 2008. Classification of selected multi-cut Persian clover germplasm of National Plant Genebank based on agronomic traits. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 21 (2): 63-79.
[25] Perkins-Vaezie, P., K. Colinm, J., and Howard. L.. 2008. Blueberry fruit response to postharvest application of ultraviolet radiation. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 47 (3): 280-285.
[26] Alikhani-Kupaei, M., and Daraei Garmakhany. A. 2012. Effect of microencapsulated essential oils on storage life and quality of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa cv. Camarosa). Quality Assurance and Safty of Crops and Food, 4 (2): 106–112.
[27] Yaman, O., and Bayindirh, L. 2002. Effects of an edible coating and cold storage on shelf-life and quality of cherries. LWT, 35 (2): 146–150.
[28] Alikhani-Kupaei, M., Daraei Garmakhany, A., and Adibian, M. 2015. Postharvest quality of peach fruit influenced by mucilage-oil coating and microencapsulated oil. Minerva Biotecnologica, 27 (1): 1-9.
[29] Zheng, X., Tian. SH., Meng, X and Li, B. 2007. Physiological and biochemical responses in peach fruit to oxalicacid treatment during storage at room temperature. Food Chemistry, 104 (1): 156–162.
[30] Valverde, J. M., Valero, D., Martinez-Romero ,D., Guillen, F., Castillo, S and Serrano , M. 2005. Novel edible coating based on Aloe vera gel to maintain table grape quality and safety. Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53 (20): 7807-7813.
[31] Salukha, D. K., Jadhar. S. J., and Yu. M. H. 1974. Quality and nutritional composition of tomato fruits influenced by certain biochemical and physiological changes. Qualitasplantarum, 24 (1): 85-113.
[32] Rohani, M. Y., Zaipun, M. Z., and Norhayati, M. 1997. Effect of modified atmosphere on the storage life and quality of Eksotika papaya. Journal of Tropical Agriculture and Food Science, 25 (1): 103-113.
[33] Fischer, R.L., and Bennett, A. B. 1991. Role of cell wall hydrolysis in fruit ripening. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 42: 675–703.
[34] Vang-Petersen, O. 1980. Calcium deficiency of ‘Cox’s Orange’ apple trees during the fruit growth period. Scientia Horticulturae, 12 (2): 163–168.
[35] Martınez-Romero, D., Alburquerque, N., Valverde, J. M., Guillen, F., Castillo ,S., Valero, D., and Serrano, M. 2005. Postharvest sweet cherry quality and safety maintenance byAloe vera treatments: A new edible coating. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 39 (1): 93-100.
[36] Nabifarkhani, N., Sharifani, M. M., Daraei Garmakhany, A., Ganji Moghadam, E., and Shakeri, A. 2015. Effect of nano-composite and Thyme oil (Tymus Vulgaris L) coating on fruit quality of sweet cherry (Takdaneh Cv) during storage period. Food Science and Nutrition, 3 (4): 349-354.