Antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Cardin leaf on Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Authors
Arefeh Kordjazi 1
Reza Farahmandfar 2
1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Khazar Institute of Higher Education, Mahmood Abad, Iran
2 Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (SANRU), Sari, Iran
10.29252/fsct.16.97.29
Abstract
In recent years, multiple drug resistance in human pathogenic microorganisms have developed due to indiscriminate use of commercial antimicrobial drugs commonly used in the treatment of infectious diseases. This situation forced scientists for searching new antimicrobial substances from various sources, like medicinal plants, which are the good sources of novel antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, the antibacterial effect of Cardin leaf was investigated. Hydroalcoholic extract of this plant was prepared at concentrations of 0.390 to 100 mg/ml and antimicrobial effect of extract were tested with disk diffusion and agar-well diffusion diffusion method against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the Cardin extract were investigated by dilution method. In the disk and well diffusion methods, the highest effect of extract on the bacteria was observed at concentration of 100 mg / ml, with the highest diameter of deterioration hole. Of course, the effect on gram-positive bacteria was more than gram negative. The inhibitory concentration of extract (MIC) on Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/ml and the MBC was 50, 100 and 100 mg/ml, respectively. The results showed that effect of Cardin extract on gram-positive bacteria was more than gram negative and the diameter of the non-growth halo increased with increasing concentrations of the extract.
Keywords
Antibacterial effect
Cardin extract
Agar-well diffusion
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration
Disc diffusion

Subjects

[1] Krishnaiah D, Sarbatly R, Nithyanandam R. A review of the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant species. Food Bioprod Process 2011;89(3):217-33.
[2] Eisenberg DM, Kessler RC, Foster C, Norlock FE, Calkins DR, Delbanco TL. Unconventional medicine in the United States--prevalence, costs, and patterns of use. N Engl J Med 1993;328(4):246-52.
[3] Akbary P, Fereidouni MS, Hosseini AG. The effects of Biarum carduchorum and Quercus infectoria Gall extracts on percentage of hatching and survival rate in the early growth stage of Oncorhynchus mykiss larvae. J Vet Res 2016; 71, 403-407. [in Persian]
[4] Farahmandfar R, Kordjazi A. Antimicrobial effect of Cardin (Biarum bovei) extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus: Studies in vitro and hamburger. J Food Sci Technol 2018, 16(86), 1-13 [in Persian]
[5] Rocourt J, BenEmbarek P, Toyofuku H, Schlundt J. Quantitative risk assessment of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods: the FAO/WHO approach. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2003;35(3):263-267.
[6] Wisner AL, Potter AA, Köster W. Effect of the Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 type III secretion system on Salmonella survival in activated chicken macrophage-like HD11 cells. PloS one 2011;6(12):e29787.
[7] Farahmandfar. R., Shokooh saremi, A., Shahiri tabarestani, H., Azizkhani, M. Comprehensive basics of microbiology of food industry. 2014. Sahra press. Mashhad. [in Persian]
[8] Farahmandfar R, Asnaashari M, Sayyad R. Comparison antioxidant activity of Tarom Mahali rice bran extracted from different extraction methods and its effect on canola oil stabilization. J Food Sci Technol 2015 Oct 1;52(10):6385-94.
[9] Bubonja-Sonje M, Giacometti J, Abram M. Antioxidant and antilisterial activity of olive oil, cocoa and rosemary extract polyphenols. Food Chem 2011 Aug 15;127(4):1821-7.
[10] De Wet PM, Rode H, Sidler D, Lastovica AJ. Allicin: a possible answer to antibiotic resistant campylobacter diarrhoeal infection? Arch Dis Child 1999 Sep 1;81(3):278-280.
[11] Farahmandfar, R. and Ramezanizadeh, M.H., 2018. Oxidative stability of canola oil by Biarum bovei bioactive components during storage at ambient temperature. Food science & nutrition, 6(2), pp.342-347.
[12] Sajadi Kaboodi P, Bakhshi D, Moghadamnia AA, Sefidgar A. The Antibacterial Effects of Methanol Extract of Ammi majus on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. J Babol Univ Med Sci 2017;19(1):36-42. [in Persian]
[13] Akbary P, Fereidouni MS, Hosseini AG. The effects of Biarum carduchorum and Quercus infectoria Gall extracts on percentage of hatching and survival rate in the early growth stage of Oncorhynchus mykiss larvae. J Vet Res 2016;71(4):403-407.