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In the first experiment, twelve species of the most plentiful and fresh seaweeds and one species of seagrass from the beach were collected at Kingston, South Australia. All species were then separately sun-and oven-dried and ground. The ground samples were analysed for dry matter, ash, organic matter, crude protein, crude fibers, ether extract and digestibility in vitro. The digestible and metabolisable energy of the samples were estimated by calculation. The results showed that all seaweeds and seagrasses contained a very high ash content, ranging from 19.5 - 40 per cent. The crude protein content of the samples was low and ranged from 4.4 - 7.3 per cent. The crude fiber in seagrass was considerably greater than in seaweed species (34.4 % vs 3.7 -10.1 %). The dry matter digestibility of samples ranged from 34.1 to 51.5, while the data also showed that the values for digestible and metabolisable energy of aquatic plants were very low as compared with lucerne (the control). From the first experiment it was concluded that, amongst marine plants available in South Australia, the seagrass Posidonia australis, because of its ready availability in great quantities and the environmental problems for residents, may be regarded as a potential alternative animal feedstuff. In the second experiment, samples of four different physical forms of seagrass, Posidonia australis green and fresh (from the water, and washed and un-washed from on the beach) were examined and compared for their chemical composition, including nonstarch-polysaccharides, uronic acids, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and lignin, amino acids, crude protein, tannin, ether extract, soluble and insoluble ash. The results from this experiment showed that there were no significant differences between the four different physical forms of seagrass collected in terms of their most important chemical constituents.

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Whereas recognition of world epic works causes cultural relation and manifests cultural bases similarities and differences in comparison between our epic works with other nations, and conclusions to worldwide peace, in this essay exert by analysis statistical –content – qualitative method till in addition to critic some pundits concerning on epic characters and comparison the nine epic elements and thirteen motifs in Boezuname and Beowulf to answer this question: are alike or vary in source Borzuname and Beowulf that are from two various Iranian and Anglo – Saxon nations?
Studies reason that epic elements and motifs are alike but in valuation on them and custom of demonstration in stories are different.           


 

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Objective: β-thalassemia is caused by absence or reduction of β-globin chain synthesis. One of the effective therapeutic methods for this disease can be gene therapy by viral vectors. The capacity of lentiviral vectors is approximately 8 kb, we designed a 6 kb construct containing mini LCR and β-globin gene instead of LCR region. The aim of this study is to make a recombinant lentiviruses containing miniLCR and β-globin gene for transfer to the target cells for gene therapy of β-thalassemia. Materials and Methods: HS2, HS3, HS4 segments (mini LCR) and β-globin gene with 5΄ and 3΄ UTR were amplified from the genomic DNA of a normal individual by PCR. Each segment was cloned in pTZ57R/T vector and then sub cloned first into the pBGGT vector and finally into the pLenti-Dest vector. Final transfer vector and the three helper packaging plasmids (Plp1, Plp2, Plp/VSVG) were cotransfected into 293T packaging cells using lipofectamine 2000. Harvested viruses were confirmed by RT-PCR on extracted RNA of these recombinant lentiviruses. Results: The titer of lentiviral stock determined in a K562 cell line and compared with COS-7 cell line. The titer in both cell lines was the same. Optimum MOI for COS-7 cell line was 5 and when polybrene was used transduction increased by 2 fold. The remaining transduced COS-7 colonies were expanded and DNA was extracted. By PCR, random integration of construct into the genome was evaluated. Conclusion: The produced lentiviruses can be an appropriate means for effective transfer of the designed construct into dividing and non-dividing cells such as hematopoetic stem cells for transplantation of beta thalassemia patients. Efficiency of transduction by leniviruses is more than the gene targeting technique. Also units of HS2, HS3 and HS4 regions in mini LCR and selection of larger HS3 unit may increase the expression of beta globin gene.

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Aims: One of the important causes of anxiety in COVID-19 is the inability to regulate emotion and lack of self-control during threatening conditions. Psychotherapy techniques have been effective in reducing psychological disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on the emotional regulation and self-control of these patients.
Materials & Methods: It was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group. The statistical population included 30 men who were undergoing COVID-19 quarantine. Available sampling was used and individuals were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, dialectical behavior therapy was performed in 10 sessions of 90 minutes. Tangi self-control and Garnofsky emotion regulation questionnaires were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software and multivariate analysis of covariance.
Findings: There was a significant difference between the mean scores of emotional regulation and self-control variables in the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). The effect of this treatment on increasing the emotional regulation score was 27% and on increasing the self-control score was 15%.
Conclusion: Dialectical behavior therapy can increase cognitive regulation and improve self-control in patients with COVID-19. It is suggested that this intervention be used in psychological treatment programs.

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Persistent strength training can increase ventricular blood pressure and volume and the resultant loading in ventricles of the human heart. It is proved that pressure overload can increase ventricular thickness and volume. In this article, we modeled athlete’s heart syndrome macroscopically arising from pressure overload using continuum mechanics and finite elements methods. We tried to improve previous results by using a more precise geometry and loading and by modifying previous equations. Firstly, we saw that because the left ventricular pressure was more than the right ventricular pressure, increase in myocardium thickness started from the left ventricle and secondly, this increase in myocardium thickness started from lower regions that located far from the right ventricle. Then, it was shown that thicker regions with greater values of the growth multiplier had less stress than regions with less values of the growth multiplier. As time passed and more loading cycles were applied to the endocardium, myocardium thickness increased gradually until the growth multiplier reached its maximum threshold value. Finally, we demonstrated that when the ventricular pressure rises and hypertrophy occurs, residual stresses remain in the myocardium after unloading.

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Although synthetic antioxidants are effective in stabilizing oils against oxidation, because of their negative effects on the health of consumers, their use are being limited. Therefore, the use of natural antioxidants such as essential oils of some plants is increasing. In this study, the effect of three types of essential oils of  oregano, thyme and rosemary as natural antioxidants at concentrations of  0 (control sample) 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm and synthetic antioxidant hydroquinone tertiary butyl (TBHQ) at a concentration of 100 ppm on the oil quality characteristics of Nigella Sative seed oil (OSI index, peroxide value, acidity and thymoquinone content) were evaluated on the extraction days, 30, 60 and 90 days of storage. The results showed that the highest and lowest peroxide values ​​were related to antioxidant-free oil (61.13 meqO2/kg oil) and oil containing 750 ppm rosemary essential oil (7.7 meqO2 / kg oil), respectively. The results also showed that the oil samples did not differ significantly in terms of acidity (p <0.05). Thymoquinone as the active ingredient of the oil was better preserved in oils containing essential oils, so that the highest and lowest values ​​were related to oils containing 750 ppm rosemary essential oil (1684 ppm) and oil without antioxidants (1230 ppm), respectively. In general, the results showed that rosemary essential oil at a concentration of 750 ppm instead of TBHQ can be used to stabilize black seed oil and maintain its properties.

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The present study was carried out to determine the effects of UV irradiation on postharvest and quality of desert truffle. in order to increase the shelf life of desert truffles, truffles were irradiated with UV-C (2.2 mW cm ^-1) at three different times, (control), 10 and 20 minutes and also storage in 7%, 10%, 13% 16% (w/w) NaCl and 5% vinegar solution (w/w). After applying the desired treatments, truffles were stored at 4 ° C for 160 days and sampling was performed at 40-day intervals. Weight loss percentage, tissue firmness, phenolic compounds, vitamin C content and microbial load were evaluated. Tissue firmness was higher at the truffles that were exposed to radiation for 10 minutes than other treatments. Also, radiation had a significant effect on preventing weight loss of truffles. The lowest weight loss was related to 10 minutes of radiation treatment and also, the highest amount of weight loss was related to control treatment. Radiation at higher doses does not further improve tissue quality parameters and causes skin necrosis and damage to truffle tissue. Evaluation of truffles phenolic compounds such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, coumaric acid, cinnamic acid and catechin was measured by HPLC. Evaluation shows that radiation had a significant effect on the increase of phenolic compounds in truffles, however the amount of these compounds decreased significantly over time. Irradiation also had a significant effect on reducing the microbial load and irradiated truffle had the lowest amount of microbial growth. However, the most effective treatment to maintain tissue quality characteristics and prevent weight loss and inhibit bacterial spoilage, UV-C (10 minutes) and immersion in vinegar and Storage at 4 ° C compared to other treatments was expressed during 160 days of storage.

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Flaxseed oil is sensitive to oxidation due to its high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Antioxidant sources such as olive leaves can be used to stabilize it. Olive leaves contain lipase and lipoxygenase enzymes that need to be removed before use. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the extraction of oil by cold pressing of flax seeds with blanched leaves steamed at levels (0 (control sample), 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% w­/­w­) is. Acidity, peroxide, phenolic content, fatty acid composition, chlorophyll content, carotenoid content and oxidative stability of extracted flaxseed oil were investigated during storage. The results showed that by adding different levels of blanched olive leaves, the acidity and peroxide number decreased and the amount of carotenoids, chlorophyll, phenolic compounds content and oxidative stability of oil samples in different levels of blanched olive leaves significantly increased compared to the control sample(P <0.05). On the other hand, during the storage period in the treated samples, the acidity and peroxide number of the samples increased significantly (P <0.05) but this increase was less than the control sample. Also, fatty acid profiles showed that by adding blanched olive leaves, the linolenic acid (18: 3) was preserved during further storage. According to the obtained results, it can be said that with the addition of blanched olive leaves, phenolic compounds in the produced oil increased and also oxidative stability increased and beneficial compounds such as linolenic acid and more carotenoids were preserved and a useful oil can be produced and offered to the consumer market.

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Many scientific reports have been published about the health effects of black cumin seed (Nigella sativa) oil such as anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, one of the main problems in extracting oil from black cumin seed (BS) is the low yield and also the low quality of the extracted oil. Various methods such as microwave treatment, roasting and soaking have been performed to improve the extraction conditions and quality of BS oil before cold pressing. In this study, BS was pre-treated with ethanol (70%) at 0 (control sample), 1, 3 and 6% and then oil extracted by cold press. Extracted oil qualitative characteristics (acid value, peroxide value, chlorophyll content, carotenoid content and total phenolic content) were assessed in production day and every 30 days during 90 days of storage. Also, oxidative stability of BS oil was measured by Schaal test. The results demonstrated that by increasing the level of ethanol in the pre-treatment of BS, acid value and peroxide value significantly (p < 0.05) decreased and oxidative stability, chlorophylls, carotenoids and phenolic contents of extracted oil significantly (p < 0.05) increased. Acid value and peroxide value increased and chlorophyll and carotenoid contents due to decomposition of their contents decreased during storage. Oil extracted from BS pre-treated with highest level of ethanol had the lowest acid value (4.61 mg NaOH/g oil) and peroxide value (7.03 meq O₂/Kg oil) and the highest chlorophyll (21.21 mg/Kg oil), carotenoid (3.86 mg/Kg oil) and total phenolic (496.3 mg caffeic acid/Kg of oil) contents at the end of the storage. In conclusion, the results showed that pretreatment of BS by ethanol before cold pressing can be used to improve qualitative properties and stabilize the extracted oil.